The condenser is a critical auxiliary equipment for thermal power generation, nuclear power, combined heat and power, and steam turbine-driven systems. It is a tubular shell-type surface heat exchanger, primarily responsible for condensing the steam turbine exhaust into water, while also establishing and maintaining a high vacuum at the steam turbine exhaust outlet to enhance the thermal efficiency of the cycle.
I. Core Features
Condensate Exhaust: Converts turbine exhaust steam into clean condensate, recycling working fluid back to the boiler.
Establish Vacuum: Form - 0.095 ~ -0.099 MPa high vacuum, increase turbine pressure difference, enhance work capacity.
Deoxygenation Purification: Complements the vacuum system to remove non-condensable gases (O₂, CO₂) from condensate, protecting subsequent pipeline equipment.
Heat Source Recovery: Recovers latent heat from steam, enhancing the overall energy utilization efficiency of the entire plant.
Section 2: Working Principle
Turbine exhaust steam enters the condenser shell, where it undergoes inter-wall heat exchange with the circulating cooling water inside the tubes.
Steam condenses on the outer wall of the tube bundle, collects in the hot well, and is then pumped out by the condensate pump.
Configured with an exhaust fan/vacuum pump, continuously extracts non-condensable gases to maintain the shell process vacuum.
After absorbing heat, the cooling water is sent to the cooling tower for cooling and recycled.
Section 3: Main Structural Composition
Shell: Carbon steel welded cylinder / square box, pressure-sealed
Cooling Tube Bundles: Brass, Stainless Steel, Titanium Tubes (for Sea Water Cooling)
Header / Water Chamber: Left and right water chambers, front and rear headers, dual / single flow
Hot Well: Bottom water collection chamber, stores condensed water
Supporting Baffle / Vibration Damping Baffle: Prevents Tube Constraint Vibration Damage
Attachment: Vacuum suction port, water filling port, drain port, manhole for maintenance
V. Key Selection Parameters
Turbine exhaust flow rate, exhaust pressure / temperature
Cooling water flow, incoming water temperature, temperature difference target
Cooling Tube Material, Diameter, Length
Design vacuum degree, thermal well volume
Interface dimensions, installation arrangement (mainly horizontal)
Maintenance and Service Highlights (Compatible with your previous cold oil cooler maintenance system)
Routine inspection
Monitor vacuum, end difference, exhaust steam temperature, and water temperatures at the inlet and outlet.
Check the level of the hot well and the operating status of the condensate pump
Monitor tube constraint vibration, investigate water chamber/flange leakage
Regular maintenance and service
Water chamber / High-pressure water cleaning with pipe bundles, on-line ball cleaning for scale removal and anti-corrosion
Identify and plug leaks, replace corroded and leaking heat exchange tubes
Water tank anti-corrosion coating, sealing gasket replacement
Vacuum System (Water Ring Pump / Jet Vacuum Pump) Performance Verification
Hot well effluent treatment, sediment and debris cleaning
Shutdown Maintenance
Relieve the cooling water, blow dry
Shell Filling with Nitrogen / Corrosion Inhibitor Protection, Atmospheric Corrosion Prevention
Winter anti-freezing drain
