Elbows (Reducers) are pipe fittings used to change the diameter of pipes. Common forming processes include reducing, expanding, or reducing and expanding, with stamping forming also applicable for certain sizes of reducers.

Contraction/Expansion Forming

The reduction forming process for male and female ends involves placing a billet with a diameter equal to the male end of the reducing coupling into a forming die. By compressing along the axial direction of the billet, the metal moves and shrinks into shape within the die cavity. Depending on the size of the diameter change in the eccentric pipe, it is divided into single or multi-step forming.

b. Press forming

In addition to producing elbows using steel pipes as raw material, elbows of certain specifications can also be manufactured using steel plates via the stamping forming process. The shape of the punch mold used for stretching is designed based on the inner surface dimensions of the elbows, and the steel plates after cutting are stamped and stretched into shape using the punch mold.