A cable is a device for transmitting electrical energy or signals, typically composed of several or multiple wires, and characterized by an inner conductive core and an outer insulating layer. Cables are used for transmitting electrical (magnetic) energy and information, enabling the conversion of electromagnetic energy. They are widely applied in urban underground power grids, transmission lines from power stations, internal power supply in industrial and mining enterprises, and underwater transmission lines across rivers and seas. There are various types of cables, including power cables, control cables, compensation cables, shielded cables, and high-temperature cables. They consist of single or multiple wires and insulating layers, used for connecting circuits and electrical appliances.