A cable is a device for transmitting electrical or signal power, typically composed of several wires or groups of wires, and characterized by internal conductive and external insulating properties. Cables are used to transmit electrical (magnetic) energy and information, enabling the conversion of electromagnetic energy. They are widely applied in urban underground power grids, transmission lines from power stations, internal power supply in industrial and mining enterprises, and underwater transmission lines across rivers and seas. There are various types of cables, including power cables, control cables, compensating cables, shielded cables, and high-temperature cables. They consist of single or multiple wires and insulating layers, used for connecting circuits and electrical appliances.