The insulators are made by bonding ceramic components with upper and lower metal fittings using adhesive. The contact areas between the ceramic components and metal fittings are padded with elastic washers. The bonding sections of the ceramic components feature structures such as sandblasting, knurling, and grooving for mechanical strength, anti-loosening, and anti-twisting. The ceramic surfaces are evenly coated with white glaze, and the metal fittings are coated with gray magnetic paint. The main structure of the ceramic insulator components includes hollow partition (penetrable) and solid (non-penetrable) structures. The combined adhesive-mounted pillar insulators are generally solid and non-penetrable. This latter structure reduces maintenance and testing work compared to the former. The ceramic insulator components have two shapes: multi-angled and less-angled. The multi-angled shape increases the surface distance, offering better electrical properties than the less-angled shape. All products except the soon-to-be-phased-out external adhesive-mounted pillar insulators are multi-angled. The internal adhesive structure, where the metal fittings are glued into the ceramic holes, increases the insulation distance and improves electrical performance, while also reducing the space required during installation. However, due to the adverse effect of internal adhesive on mechanical strength, insulators requiring high mechanical strength should use combined adhesive mounting (i.e., the upper fittings are internally glued, and the lower fittings are externally glued).