Elbows (reducing tees) are pipe fittings used for different pipe diameters. The commonly used forming processes include reducing and pressing, expanding and pressing, or a combination of both. For certain specifications of reducing tees, stamping forming can also be applied.

Contraction/Expansion Forming

The reduction forming process for male and female ends involves placing a billet with a diameter equal to the male end of the male and female ends into a forming mold, then compressing it along the axial direction of the billet to cause the metal to move and contract within the mold cavity. Depending on the size of the diameter change of the eccentric pipe, it is divided into single-stage or multi-stage forming.

b. Stamping Formation

In addition to producing elbows using steel pipes as raw materials, elbows of certain specifications can also be manufactured using steel plates via the stamping forming process. The shape of the stamping die used for stretching is designed according to the inner surface dimensions of the elbows, and the steel plates after cutting are stamped and stretched into shape using the die.