Reduced Bends ( reducers) are pipe fittings used for varying pipe diameters. Common forming processes include reducing extrusion, expanding extrusion, or a combination of both. For certain sizes of reducers, stamping forming can also be employed.

a. Contraction/Expansion Forming

The reduction forming process for male and female ends involves placing a tube blank with a diameter equal to the male end of the male and female ends into a forming die. Through compression along the axial direction of the tube blank, the metal moves and shrinks into shape within the die cavity. Depending on the size of the diameter change of the eccentric tube, it is divided into single-stage or multi-stage forming.

b. Stamping & Forming

In addition to producing elbows using steel pipes as raw material, some specifications of elbows can also be manufactured using steel plates via the stamping forming process. The shape of the die used for stretching is designed based on the internal surface dimensions of the elbows, and the steel plates after cutting are stamped and stretched into shape using the die.