Riprap wire mesh, galvanized riprap mesh, hot-dipped galvanized riprap mesh. A simple explanation of riprap mesh is a wire mesh cage used for placing stones, made from woven or welded wire mesh to securely position filled stones. It is a structural method for riverbank protection and ecological treatment in today's hydraulic and civil engineering projects. The wire baskets are made from woven or welded wire mesh. These structures can be electro-galvanized, hot-dipped galvanized, or hot-dipped galvanized aluminum, with the woven wire boxes optionally coated with PVC. Using hard, weather-resistant stone as fill material, the baskets will not quickly break due to erosion in the stone baskets or riprap mats. Stone baskets filled with different types of block stones have varying characteristics. Polygonal block stones can interlock well, and baskets filled with them are less prone to deformation.
Riprap Mesh Structure Requirements: The riprap mesh is mechanically woven from high corrosion-resistant, high-tensile, and ductile low-carbon steel wire (galvanized iron wire) or wire coated with PVC. The box-like structure made from this mesh is known as a riprap mesh box. According to ASTM and EN standards, the diameter of the low-carbon steel wire used varies according to engineering design requirements, generally ranging from 2.0 to 4.0 mm. The tensile strength of the riprap mesh wire should not be less than 38 kg/m², the weight of the metallic coating generally exceeds 245 g/m², and the diameter of the edge line of the riprap mesh panel should be greater than the diameter of the mesh wire. The length of the double twisted portion must not be less than 50mm to ensure that the metallic and PVC coatings on the twisted wire are not damaged.
Advantages of Stone笼Net Structure:
Flexible structures can adapt to slope movements without being damaged, offering superior safety and stability compared to rigid structures.
2. Strong erosion resistance, capable of withstanding water flow speeds up to 6 m/s.
3. The structure is inherently permeable, with strong tolerance to the natural action and filtration of groundwater. Suspended particles and silt in the water settle in the crevices of the filled stones, thus promoting the growth of natural vegetation and gradually restoring the original ecological environment.
Mesh笼用途：
The gabion mesh is used for slope support, foundation pit support, rock face mesh shotcrete on mountains, slope vegetation (greening), and isolation and protection barriers for railways and expressways. It can also be made into box-like structures and mesh pads, which are used for erosion protection of rivers, embankments, and sea dikes, as well as for damming and intercepting rivers with mesh boxes. Due to its ecological protection features, the gabion mesh is metaphorically called "ecological mesh" and is a structural method for the management of water conservancy projects, protection, and ecological environment restoration in China.
Control and guide rivers and floods
Severe river disasters are caused by the erosion of riverbanks by flowing water, leading to flooding and massive losses of life, property, and soil erosion. Therefore, in addressing these issues, the use of the ecological geocell structure has emerged as one of the solutions, providing long-lasting protection for riverbeds and riverbanks.
2. In terms of channel canal bed construction:
Channel construction involves slope and riverbed stability. Therefore, the use of ecological mesh structures, which have been the primary method for transforming numerous natural rivers and excavating artificial channels over the past century, is crucial. It effectively protects riverbanks or riverbeds, controls water flow, prevents water loss, and, particularly in environmental protection and water quality maintenance, serves as a function to restore the ecological environment.
3. In terms of revetment and slope protection:
The gabion mesh structure is a highly successful example in riverbank protection and slope foot defense, fully utilizing the advantages of the ecological mesh, achieving ideal effects that other methods cannot attain.
Galvanized stone笼mesh material classification:
Galvanized Steel Wire: Low carbon steel wire with diameter ranging from 2.0MM to 4.0MM, tensile strength not less than 380Mpa. The wire surface is protected with hot galvanizing, with the thickness of the galvanized layer customized to customer requirements, reaching up to 300g/m2 (electro-galvanized zinc coating is only about 10g).
2. Zinc-5% Aluminum-Mixed Rare Earth Alloy Wire (also known as Galfan): This is a newly emerging material in the international market. Its corrosion resistance is over three times that of traditional pure zinc-plated wire. The wire diameter ranges from 1.0MM to 3.0MM, with a tensile strength of not less than 1380Mpa.
3. Galvanized Steel Wire with PVC Coating: Low-carbon steel wire, coated with a layer of PVC protective layer on the surface, then woven into various specifications of hexagonal wire mesh.
Zinc-5% aluminum-mixed rare earth alloy wire with PVC sheath: The zinc-5% aluminum-mixed rare earth alloy wire is coated with a layer of PVC for protection, and then woven into various specifications of hexagonal mesh.
Reinforced stone笼 in hydraulic engineering demonstrates protective advantages in:
Ideal ecological construction and restoration functions
The voids within the stone笼 and net pads facilitate water flow, promoting natural exchange between water and soil, creating a habitat for aquatic life and microorganisms, thereby enhancing the water body's self-cleaning ability and protecting and improving water sources and quality. The voids in the filling material, either artificially layered with soil or naturally deposited, provide conditions for landscaping and vegetation, allowing plants to grow spontaneously without the need for seeds, thereby optimizing, beautifying the environment, and improving and restoring the ecological environment.
2. Excellent permeability
Retaining walls and slope protection constructed with woven box structures, filled with loose material, have numerous pores that facilitate the drainage of soil water from the backfill and sub-slope soil layers. Once surface water infiltrates the soil, it can be quickly drained through the structures, effectively lowering the groundwater level and reducing the hydrostatic pressure behind the wall and beneath the slope. The woven box structure, in the treatment of landslides and prevention of mudslides, ensures timely drainage to minimize wall damage probability. Additionally, the wall's excellent deformation capability effectively mitigates the impact of sudden external forces.
3. Consistent and comprehensive permeability function.
The gabion mesh is a double twisted mesh structure woven by machinery, with local damage not causing overall destruction to the box or cage. The gabion mesh material has a moderate deformation characteristic, connecting the entire project as a whole without the need for joints. Even if uneven settlement occurs, the overall structure will not produce cracks or serious issues.
4. Simpler construction methods.
The gabion mesh process can be mass-produced into semi-finished products according to design intent, and assembled and shaped on-site according to the design drawings, then laid on graded slopes or excavated foundation pits to form retaining slopes or constructed into box-like retaining walls. Filling material is added, and the cover mesh is installed to complete. The operation is simple, minimally affected by weather conditions, and suitable for mechanized operations, ensuring construction quality while accelerating project progress. During the construction process of a contractor, due to weather influences, workers originally assigned to build concrete retaining walls were transferred to construct gabion mesh slopes.
5. Landscape effect.
The easy assembly of the stone笼 net structure and the variety of colors offer us a wide range of structural design options, catering to the landscape requirements of different regions. Combined with grass lawns and flower trees, what we present is a green retaining wall or slope.
6. Excellent corrosion and durability resistance.
The steel wire used in stone笼 mesh is coated with a hot-dipped aluminum-zinc process, ensuring a more stable surface coating that effectively reduces oxidation of the wire. After being treated with a resin film, it boasts corrosion resistance, static electricity prevention, aging resistance, and oxidation resistance, significantly extending its service life. Tests show that when plastic is soaked in 30% hydrochloric acid solution for 10 days, there is no discoloration or cracking. This indicates that the material is reliable even in highly polluted areas. The lifespan of steel wire coated with resin film can reach 70 years.
7. Strong resistance to erosion and storm surge attacks.
The gabion mesh structure is highly effective for slope protection or retaining wall projects in rivers with strong water flow, demonstrating excellent erosion resistance. According to relevant experiments, the erosion coefficient of the gabion mesh structure is twice that of a typical rock pitching protection project. Even if the large stones within the gabion mat are displaced due to water erosion, the deformed box structure achieves a new equilibrium, ensuring overall integrity is not compromised. The gabion mesh structure is flexible, with gaps between the stones or other materials inside the boxes. When waves crash onto the peaks, the splashes are crushed, reducing the impact force of the wave pressure. As the wave peaks recede, the gaps in the boxes disrupt the vacuum suction force of the waves, further reducing the damage to the protective works. Additionally, the overall structure can self-adjust slightly under the force of waves, effectively preventing cracks from forming in the wall.
Common Structure Forms of Stone笼Mesh:
1. Gabion Box - It is a wire mesh box made by cutting and folding heavy-duty hexagonal mesh, typically assembled from 4 pieces of heavy-duty hexagonal mesh. One large hexagonal mesh is folded to form 4 large faces of a rectangular prism, with two small hexagonal mesh pieces at both ends and a partition mesh in the middle. The gabion mesh boxes can also be made into triangular or trapezoidal shapes, with the embankments constructed from these boxes having a sloping plane on a single level.
Riprap mesh boxes, often used in hydraulic engineering retaining walls, are constructed by stacking riprap mesh boxes from 0.5 to 1.0 meters in height. These mesh box retaining walls are primarily used on steep slopes for controlling mud and rock flows, preventing landslides, and protecting road and railway embankments. The reason for using riprap mesh boxes is their unique ecological function. Simply sprinkling some soil on the surface of the protective structure allows for greening. Due to the gaps between the stones, which accommodate soil, it promotes the growth of plant roots, creating a favorable ecological environment. Even without soil, over time, the gaps between the stones will fill with sediment, allowing for the growth of herbaceous plants, forming a natural ecological environment. After the production of riprap mesh boxes, they can be bundled and compressed for packaging to save space.
Section 2: Gabion matting is a heavy-duty hexagonal mesh cut and folded metal cage, with a thickness ranging from 0.15 to 0.5 meters. This type of engineering component has a thickness that is significantly less than the length and width of the gabion cage. The gabion matting is divided into several cells by single or double dividers. To enhance the structural strength of the gabion matting, the diameter of the wire at the edges of the mesh plates is relatively thick. It is primarily used for river channels, riverbanks, road embankments, and coastal slope protection structures. It not only prevents riverbanks from being eroded by water currents and waves but also achieves natural convection between the water body and the soil below the slope, achieving ecological balance. By spreading soil with gabion matting, green vegetation can be planted, adding to the landscape greening effect on the slope.
3. Retaining walls made of gabion mesh are structures formed by stacking gabion baskets. The components of the gabion mesh retaining wall consist of filling the mesh baskets with stones of equal size proportions, resulting in a certain porosity. Due to the gaps between the stones, soil and water beneath the masonry and below the slope can be drained, thereby reducing the water level and the ground water pressure behind the wall and beneath the slope. Prompt drainage of water decreases the likelihood of the retaining wall being damaged, significantly extending its lifespan. Moreover, the wall mesh baskets are made of wire mesh, allowing for some deformation. Additionally, the stones can slide against each other, enhancing the retaining wall's ability to absorb sudden external forces.
IV. Roadstone cages, available in two types: One is for road protection, such as building a stone cage embankment with cage boxes on the side of the road to resist flood and protect the road; another is for reinforcing the subgrade with stone cages. The other type involves placing heavy-duty hexagonal mesh as reinforcing mesh during road construction, either on the subgrade or in the concrete pavement, to prevent cracking.
Five. Stone笼Rolls, woven into rolls of 30 to 50 meters, directly laid on slopes for slope protection, preventing soil and water erosion and rock falls. They are also used for slope support, foundation pit support, rock face mesh spraying on mountains, slope vegetation (greening), isolation and protection fences for railways and expressways, as well as erosion protection for rivers, embankments, and sea dikes.
Operation of Stone笼Mesh:
1. Sedimentation operations for gabion nets involve first submerging the woven wire gabion nets. They can also be electroplated and coated with PVC (polyvinyl chloride), and PVC coated gabion nets are also used for bank protection and toe protection.
2. Stone Boxes (Box-shaped Stone Lattices). Meshed stone boxes are more flexible than welded ones, thus their performance in adapting to settlement and load is different. Although filling the stone materials requires careful attention to ensure a dense packing of the stones, it is sometimes believed that rigid stone boxes are easier to fill. For non-standard shapes, such as turns or areas where significant settlement may occur, it is preferable to choose such structures when woven wire or polymer lattice structures can deform without losing strength.
3. The internal filling of the stone笼 is composed of weather-resistant, hard stones, which will not quickly break due to erosion in the stone box or stone笼 sedimentation. Stone笼 with different types of block stones exhibit various characteristics. Angular block stones interlock well, making the stone笼 filled with them less prone to deformation. Therefore, they are more effective than round stones in large retaining walls resistant to shearing, and also facilitate the connection of the stone笼. The general size of the filling is 1.5 times the average mesh size. Individual block stones are not less than the standard mesh size (commonly used woven stone笼 sizes are 60mm x 80mm to 100mm x 120mm), and generally not larger than 200mm in standard size. For block stones placed internally, away from the stone笼 surface, the size requirements for small stones may sometimes be relaxed.
4. Internal Filling. Mechanical filling is generally faster and cheaper, but it is not as well-controlled as manual filling. For decorative retaining walls, a good appearance and a dense structure should be achieved. When using either method, the filling material must completely fill the wire mesh baskets. The filling material must be packed well to minimize voids, ensuring good contact between individual stones, packing them as tightly as possible, and reducing the likelihood of stone movement within the baskets. Both polygonal and round stones can be packed tightly when the filling material is within the normal size range, with additional soil also possible.
Rocks Basket:
