Detailed Description
Insulators are composed of porcelain components and upper and lower metal attachments bonded together with adhesive. Elastic pads are placed between the porcelain component and metal attachment bonding surfaces. The bonding sections of the porcelain components feature structures such as sandblasting, knurling, and grooving to ensure mechanical strength, prevent loosening, and twisting. The porcelain surface is evenly coated with white glaze, and the metal attachments are painted with gray magnetic paint.
The insulator porcelain components have two main structures: a hollow partition (penetrable) structure and a solid (non-penetrable) structure. The combined adhesive pillar insulators are generally of the solid non-penetrable structure. This latter structure enhances safety and reliability compared to the former, and reduces maintenance and testing efforts.
Insulator porcelain pieces come in two shapes: with more or fewer edges. The multi-edged shape increases the surface distance, offering better electrical performance compared to the fewer-edged shape. All products except for the gradually being phased-out rubber-insulated column insulators are multi-edged.
Internal rubber assembly structure, due to the metal accessories being glued into the porcelain component holes, it correspondingly increases the insulation distance and improves the electrical performance. At the same time, it reduces the space occupied during installation. However, since the internal rubber assembly is not conducive to enhancing mechanical strength, insulators with high mechanical strength requirements are best used with combined assembly (i.e., the upper accessories use internal rubber assembly, and the lower accessories use external rubber assembly).
The disk-type suspended porcelain insulator for high-voltage overhead transmission and distribution lines is used for insulation and fixation of conductors. Generally, they are assembled into insulator strings for different voltage levels.
Standard insulators are suitable for general areas; increasing the number of insulator pieces can also enhance the performance against pollution flashover.
Suspended porcelain insulators are assembled using porcelain components, iron caps, and steel feet, bonded with cement of not less than 525 grade silicate and quartz sand adhesive. The iron caps and steel feet have a thin coating of buffering layer on the surface in contact with the adhesive, with an elastic pad at the top of the steel foot. The porcelain surface is typically glazed in white or brown, with other glazes available upon request. Both the iron caps and steel feet are hot-dipped galvanized. The push-pull type elastic locking pins for spherical connections come in W and R types, both made of tin bronze, brass, and austenitic stainless steel, offering good elasticity and corrosion resistance, and easy assembly and disassembly. The cylindrical and saddle-shaped open pins for slot connections, the former being hot-dipped galvanized, and the latter made of brass. The above elastic locking pins and cylindrical pins, etc., are zero insulators, categorized into spherical and slot types based on the connection method.
Standard and dirt-resistant insulators of the same strength grade, featuring identical ball socket connection dimensions, are interchangeable.
