Insulators, typically composed of insulating components (such as porcelain or glass pieces) and metallic accessories (like steel feet, iron caps, flanges, etc.), are assembled using adhesive bonding or mechanical clamping. Insulators are widely used in power systems, generally serving as external insulation, operating under atmospheric conditions. They are essential for supporting the external conductors of overhead transmission lines, generators, transformer stations, and various electrical equipment, ensuring they remain insulated from the ground (or grounding objects) or other conductors with differing potential differences.