Insulators, typically composed of insulating materials (such as porcelain or glass) and metallic accessories (like steel feet, iron caps, flanges, etc.), are assembled using adhesives or mechanical clamps. Insulators are widely used in power systems, generally serving as external insulation and operating under atmospheric conditions. They are essential for supporting the external conductors of overhead transmission lines, power plants, substation busbars, and various electrical equipment, ensuring they remain insulated from the ground (or grounding elements) or other conductors with differing electrical potentials.