The main function of insulators is to achieve electrical insulation and mechanical fixation, for which various electrical and mechanical performance requirements are specified. For instance, under the action of specified operating voltage, lightning overvoltage, and internal overvoltage, they should not experience breakdown or surface flashover; under the action of specified long-term and short-term mechanical loads, they should not suffer damage or destruction; after long-term operation under specified mechanical, electrical loads, and various environmental conditions, they should not exhibit significant deterioration; the hardware of the insulator should not produce significant corona discharge under operating voltage to avoid interference with radio or television reception. Since insulators are widely used, their connecting hardware is also required to be interchangeable. Additionally, the technical standards for insulators dictate that various electrical, mechanical, physical, and environmental condition tests be conducted on the insulators based on different models and usage conditions to verify their performance and quality.