The primary function of insulators is to achieve electrical insulation and mechanical fixation, for which various electrical and mechanical performance requirements are specified. This includes not experiencing breakdown or surface flashover under the specified operating voltage, lightning overvoltage, and internal overvoltage; not causing damage or destruction under the specified long-term and short-term mechanical loads; and not showing significant deterioration after long-term operation under specified mechanical, electrical loads, and various environmental conditions. The hardware of the insulators should not produce noticeable corona discharge under operating voltage to avoid interference with radio or television reception. Since insulators are widely used, their connecting hardware is also required to be interchangeable. Furthermore, technical standards for insulators demand various electrical, mechanical, physical, and environmental condition tests based on different models and usage conditions to verify their performance and quality.