Chinese Name: Mine-Land Re-Reclamation English Name: Mine-Land Reclamation Alias: Land Reclamation Discipline: Mineral Resources Economics and Management Scope: Mine Area
There are two possibilities for plant growth on waste rock: First, based on the current state of poor soil, select plants with endurance, a method known as the "ecological method." This involves planting species (or "trees") that can tolerate harsh environments in natural settings on bare land. The growth of these plants can alter or improve the environment, allowing for the growth of other species. Second, alter the soil conditions to make them suitable for the growth of the selected specific plants, which is the commonly used approach. Of course, these two methods can also be combined, often referred to as the "synthetic ecosystem method." In summary, in the process of land reclamation in mining areas, it is necessary to select plant varieties based on local specific conditions.

Thirdly, standardize the management methods and requirements for land reclamation projects. The regulations stipulate that the state implements project-based management for the reclamation of historically damaged land and land damaged by natural disasters. It also clearly defines specific requirements for each stage of project management, including project determination, preparation of the project design document, selection of the construction unit, project implementation, and acceptance.
5. Q: What incentives are provided under the regulation to motivate land reclamation obligations, as well as the proactive reclamation efforts from local and social parties?
Answer: Land reclamation incentive mechanisms are an important means to promote land reclamation efforts. To mobilize the entire society's active participation in land reclamation, the regulations stipulate the following:
Firstly, clarify tax incentives for land reclamation obligors who actively reclaim land. The regulation stipulates that if land reclamation obligors restore farmland, forestland, pasturage, and other agricultural land to its original state within the prescribed period, damaged by production and construction activities, they shall be refunded the land occupation tax already paid, in accordance with the relevant national tax laws and regulations.
Land destroyed during production and construction activities shall be restored in accordance with the principle of "the party responsible for the destruction shall be responsible for the restoration" (hereinafter referred to as the land restoration obligation). However, for land destroyed during production and construction activities that cannot be attributed to a specific land restoration obligation due to historical reasons (hereinafter referred to as historical destroyed land), the restoration is organized by the competent authorities at or above the county level.
Land destroyed by natural disasters is to be reclamation-organized by county-level or above authorities. Production and construction activities should be land-efficient and intensive, avoiding or minimizing the occupation of arable land; effective measures should be taken for land occupied legally to reduce the area of land damage and decrease the severity of land damage.
Reclamation of land should adhere to the principles of scientific planning, adapting to local conditions, comprehensive management, economic feasibility, and rational utilization. The reclaimed land should be prioritized for agricultural use.
Article 5: The competent department of land and resources is responsible for the supervision and management of land reclamation nationwide. Local land and resources departments at or above the county level are responsible for the supervision and management of land reclamation within their administrative regions.

Q: What systems and measures are stipulated in the regulations to urge land reclamation obligors to voluntarily fulfill their land reclamation obligations?
Answer: The key to achieving "no new debts" lies in whether the land reclamation obligation holders自觉 comply with their reclamation obligations. To ensure this, the regulations stipulate the following:
Firstly, establish a system for the preparation and review of land reclamation plans. The regulations require land reclamation obligors to prepare land reclamation plans as specified; failure to prepare or prepare plans that do not meet requirements will result in the denial of land use approval and the relevant land and resources department will not approve mining licenses. For those who have already obtained land use and mining licenses prior to the implementation of this regulation but continue to damage the land after its implementation, supplementary land reclamation plans must be prepared. The system for preparing and reviewing land reclamation plans is a crucial tool for promoting land reclamation efforts. It not only makes land reclamation obligors aware of the importance of land reclamation but also provides guidance on how to carry out reclamation.
Firstly, it is required to formulate a special land reclamation plan. The regulation stipulates that the land and resources departments at or above the county level shall investigate and evaluate the damaged land from historical events and natural disasters, and based on this, compile a special land reclamation plan, determining the key areas, objectives, tasks, and requirements for reclamation.
Secondly, clarify investment channels. The regulations stipulate that funds should be allocated for reclamation of land damaged by history or natural disasters, or attract social investments for reclamation based on the principle of "who invests, who benefits." For landowners who reclaim the land themselves, appropriate support and preferential measures are provided.
Thirdly, standardize the management methods and requirements for land reclamation projects. The regulations stipulate that the state implements project-based management for the reclamation of historically damaged land and land damaged by natural disasters. It also clearly defines specific requirements for each stage of project management, including project determination, preparation of the project design document, selection of construction units, project implementation, and acceptance.