Wound resistors are a type of fixed resistor. Wound resistor elements are made by winding resistive wire around an insulating mandrel. The resistive wire is typically made of alloys such as nichrome, manganin, etc., which have a certain resistivity. The insulating mandrel is made into various shapes such as tubes and flats from materials like ceramics, plastics, and coated metals. The resistive wire can be wound in a single layer or multiple layers on the mandrel as needed, or it can use methods like non-inductive winding. Wound resistors are mainly used in precision instruments, telecommunications equipment, electronic devices, and AC/DC circuits for voltage division, voltage reduction, current分流, and as load resistors.