I. Overview of Overflow

Cross-flow closed-loop cooling towers, named for the lateral direction of the spray water and hot air flow, with water flowing from top to bottom and air entering horizontally from the sides, passing through the heat exchanger tubes in the middle, exchanging heat with the descending spray water, thereby reducing the temperature of the spray water.

Primarily composed of heat exchanger coils, spray irrigation water system, exhaust system, and framework housing.

II. Process Workflow

The spray pump draws water from the water trough, pumps it to the upper part of the heat exchange coil, where it is dispersed in an umbrella-like pattern through nozzles, uniformly covering the outer surface of the piping material to form a thin water film. A portion of the water absorbs the heat energy of the high-temperature refrigerant inside the pipe, converting it into latent heat of vaporization, evaporating into a gas state. The refrigerant inside the piping material is then cooled or condensed into a liquid state. The water that does not evaporate falls back into the spray water trough.

Extracting system, the top tower fan is an intake type, drawing air from inside the tower and discharging it outward. Cold, dry air from outside the tower enters the heat exchanger coils on the side, carrying away the evaporated water vapor, increasing the air humidity and temperature, which is then extracted from the tower outside by a fan in the middle of the two heat exchanger coils.

In the spray trough, a float valve is installed to automatically replenish supply when the water level is low, ensuring a consistent water level in the trough.

III. Operation Principle

Closed-loop water system: The cooled recycled water from the coil flows out of the tower, is pumped to the heat source (the cooled equipment) by the system's circulating pump, and then enters the coil for cooling after being heated by heat exchange.

External recirculating water system: After the external spray water achieves the purpose of cooling the internal circulating water of the coil by contacting with the coil and packing, it falls into the lower water trough and is then pumped to the spray water trough for recirculation by the spray water pump.

The internal circulation is cooled by heat exchange with the external spray water and air through the coils, thus preventing direct contact between the cooled water and air, which could lead to water quality contamination. The heat exchange effect is further enhanced as the spray water has been pre-cooled by the PVC packing.

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