Numerical Control (NC) lathe is one of the widely used CNC machine tools. It is primarily used for cutting operations on the inner and outer cylindrical surfaces of shaft or disk-type parts, as well as the inner and outer conical surfaces of arbitrary cone angles, complex rotating inner and outer surfaces, and cylindrical and conical threads. It is also capable of slotting, drilling, reaming, and boring operations.

Numerical control machine tools automatically process workpieces according to pre-programmed machining procedures. We compile the processing route, process parameters, tool movement paths, displacement amounts, cutting parameters, and auxiliary functions of the parts into a machining program based on the command codes and program formats specified by the numerical control machine tool. We then record the content of this program on a control medium and input it into the numerical control unit of the machine tool, thereby directing the machine to process the parts.