Numerical Control (NC) lathes are one of the widely used types of CNC machine tools. They are primarily used for machining the outer and inner cylindrical surfaces, as well as the outer and inner conical surfaces of shaft and disk parts at any angle, complex rotary inner and outer surfaces, and cylindrical and conical threads. They are also capable of operations such as slotting, drilling, reaming, and boring.

Numerical control machine tools automatically process workpieces according to pre-programmed machining procedures. We compile the processing route, process parameters, tool movement paths, displacement amounts, cutting parameters, and auxiliary functions of the parts into a machining program based on the command codes and program formats specified by the numerical control machine tool. We then record the content of this program on a control medium and input it into the numerical control unit of the machine tool, thereby directing the machine to process the parts.