Isolation buildings (which utilize isolators and dampers to extend the vibration period of the structure and increase the damping ratio, dissipating the impact of earthquakes on the building) convert the sway of the building during an earthquake into relative displacement with respect to the ground. The energy transmitted to the building by the ground is absorbed by the isolators and dampers, significantly reducing the building's twisting and bending, and also markedly decreasing the degree of sway (reducing seismic acceleration), thereby reducing the damage to the building. In the design of isolation buildings, parameters such as the seismic period, intensity, maximum displacement, and building weight are primarily considered. The rational use of isolators and dampers can mitigate the severity of seismic activity.

Isolation rubber pads are made by alternating layers of thin steel plates and thin rubber sheets, which are then vulcanized under high temperature and pressure. These pads ensure both vertical stiffness and bearing capacity while significantly reducing horizontal stiffness, enabling the structure to have seismic isolation properties. Isolation rubber pads can be divided into two types based on the presence of a core in the center hole: coreless and cored. The coreless type is composed of steel plates and stacked rubber; the cored type (lead core rubber pad) involves placing a cylindrical lead core within the multi-layer rubber pads.

Multi-layer rubber supports are designed to bear building loads and horizontal displacements. High-damping rubber supports absorb a large amount of vibration energy through the internal friction of the rubber macromolecular chains and the synergistic action of the segments. Lead-core rubber supports absorb energy through plastic deformation during the shear deformation of multi-layer rubber supports, and the lead core recovers its mechanical properties through recrystallization at room temperature. High-damping vibration isolation rubber supports, when combined with lead-core rubber supports, integrate shock absorbers and dampers, significantly saving space and reducing costs. Natural rubber vibration isolation supports have a damping of no more than 5%, relying on the large deformation of stacked rubber for horizontal vibration isolation, with the large deformation being elastic, simplifying the design of the supports. Rigid sliding supports feature large displacement capabilities, absorbing energy horizontally through friction, with a general friction coefficient not exceeding 3%. Rigid sliding supports can be used in conjunction with other types of supports to reduce the equivalent horizontal stiffness, increase overall load-bearing capacity, and offer distinct advantages on lighter structures.

Building isolation rubber bearings have the following advantages:

Vertical load-bearing capacity – capable of stably supporting buildings.

② Ductility - Moderate flexibility to accommodate relative deformation between the building and its foundation.

③ Reasonable damping characteristics – Capable of effectively controlling the seismic response of seismic isolation structures, particularly reducing the horizontal displacement of the upper structure.

④ Reset Function - Utilizing the high elasticity of rubber materials, the bracket can quickly return to its original position during wind shocks and earthquakes.

⑤ Durability - lifespan synchronizes with the building.