With the development of the animal husbandry and poultry breeding industry, the issue of rapid and effective treatment and utilization of animal waste has become prominent. For instance, due to their shorter intestines, chickens only absorb about 30% of the nutrients from the feed they consume, with the majority being excreted through the rectum. Generally, each kilogram of chicken manure contains 13.4 to 18.8 kilojoules of total energy in its dry matter, with a nitrogen content of 30 to 70 grams, and is rich in a variety of trace elements, amino acids, proteins, etc. Chicken manure is an inexpensive low-protein feed and also a good agricultural fertilizer. Rapid and effective treatment and utilization of animal waste are both an urgent need to avoid environmental pollution and an effective way to improve the economic benefits of animal husbandry enterprises. Traditionally, the treatment of animal waste has both polluted the environment and caused a significant loss of nutrients. Currently, the animal waste treatment equipment developed by people cannot meet the actual needs due to the following problems: first, the function is single, such as only capable of drying but not fermentation; second, the processing efficiency is low and the treatment effect is poor; third, the reliability of use is poor; and fourth, the equipment is large in size, occupying a lot of space. The main reason for these problems is the lack of a structurally optimized fermentation drum, a key component.
Sludge is one of the main by-products from urban wastewater treatment plants. With the development of urbanization and the enhancement of environmental protection requirements, the production of sludge has surged dramatically. Containing a vast number of pathogens and harmful substances (such as heavy metals), it often emits an unpleasant odor. Improper disposal or storage can lead to secondary pollution. Moreover, in addition to the aforementioned substances, sludge is rich in organic matter. Disposing of it carelessly would result in a significant waste of organic material. Composting the sludge through fermentation is an important method of utilizing it.

The raw material storage and discharge storage are located at both ends of the fermentation drum, which is a cylindrical structure consisting of an inlet section, fermentation section, and discharge section along the axial direction. The front of the fermentation section is wrapped with heat-insulating material. The power unit is connected to the fermentation drum, driving it to rotate around the axial direction. The power unit includes an electric motor and a transmission system. Steel rails are welded to the outer side of the fermentation drum, connecting to the support wheels.

In the livestock and poultry farming industry, animal and poultry waste is often treated using traditional, simple methods such as manual stacking and fermentation, manual turning, or selling at low cost for direct application to fields, or even discharged into rivers, causing severe environmental pollution. Due to the lack of scientific and effective treatment methods, animal and poultry waste from farms is not being handled promptly and effectively, leading to environmental pollution, unpleasant odors, and immense difficulties in treatment. However, with the growing environmental awareness among people, the urgency to address the issue of animal and poultry waste treatment is increasing; the newly issued "Environmental Protection," "Action Plan for Water Pollution Prevention and Control," and "Regulations on Pollution from Large-scale Livestock and Poultry Farming" all require technological upgrades in waste treatment. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new method that can quickly and effectively handle animal and poultry waste.

Waste resource recovery and reduction are hailed as the trend in today's environmental protection measures. Kitchen waste, due to its high pollution indicators, is considered the second-largest pollution source in cities after domestic wastewater. Achieving the resource recovery of kitchen waste can effectively reduce the amount of urban waste, improve the city's sanitation environment, and prevent the occurrence of diseases.
Kitchen waste, also known as canteen waste, refers to the food scraps and leftovers from restaurants, hotels, and other catering businesses, as well as from public canteens in homes, enterprises, institutions, and schools.
Waste kitchen scraps possess the following characteristics:
High organic matter content: Organic components include starch, protein, meat, oil, etc.
2. High moisture content: As waste material from catering, the sludge has a high moisture content, approximately 70%.
3. High oil and salt content: Due to China's dietary habits, compared to foreign food waste, China's food waste (including leftovers) not only has a high yield but also a higher content of oil and salt.
4. High Hazardous: Susceptible to spoilage, rotting, and fermentation, breeding mosquitoes and flies, emitting large amounts of foul odors, and contaminating water bodies and the atmosphere.
5. Strong in Resources: Compared to other waste, it has high moisture content, organic matter, salt, and oil content, as well as rich nutritional elements, making it highly valuable for recycling and utilization.
Green waste refers to branches, stems, fallen leaves, grass clippings, and withered flowers generated during greening, beautification, and forestry production.
And other organic waste. With the acceleration of urbanization and the expansion of green spaces, the production of green waste in urban greening maintenance and management is increasing. Due to limitations in economy, technology, and awareness, green waste from landscaping in major Chinese cities has not been adequately developed or utilized, with disposal methods mainly consisting of landfilling, incineration, or cleanup and transportation. This not only pollutes the air, exacerbating smog and causing fires, but also increases fiscal expenditures. Simple disposal of green waste cannot meet the requirements of sustainable development, and reduction, harmless treatment, and resource recycling are the inevitable trends.