Industrial dust collectors, also known as industrial vacuum cleaners, are designed for industrial use to collect and absorb waste particles, dust, smoke, oil, and water during production, operation, and transportation processes.

Industrial vacuum cleaners operate on AC power and have high power, generally available in portable and fixed models. The multiphase mixtures involved in industrial dust removal are called gas-phase suspensions or aerosols. The fine particles dispersed within are referred to as dust particles or microparticles, and the accumulation state of dust particles is known as dust powder. In engineering design, to properly design and select dust removal equipment, it is necessary to understand the primary physical and chemical properties of dust. Parameters used to describe dust properties include: particle size and dispersion, density and bulk density, cohesiveness, wettability, electrostatic and conductive properties, natural angle of repose, and explosiveness. In daily industrial applications, equipment used for separating dust particles mainly includes: gravity settling dust collectors, inertial dust collectors, electrostatic precipitators, wet dust collectors, and filter dust collectors.