Now, seismic reinforcement for buildings is increasingly important, and there are many things to consider during the process, especially in places like schools. Seismic reinforcement for schools is typically carried out during winter and summer breaks to minimize disruption to students' studies. When the seismic rating of school buildings is insufficient, seismic reinforcement is necessary.
How to Develop an Earthquake Resistance Reinforcement Plan for Buildings:
1. Measures to reinforce lateral force components such as seismic bracing frames using energy dissipation or isolation techniques, seismic walls, supports, etc. This not only enhances the overall seismic performance of the structure but also reduces the seismic response of stair components.
2. The single-way frame should be reinforced to become a double-way frame, thereby allowing the addition of measures such as seismic walls and support structures to resist lateral forces.
3. When the requirements for single-span frame identification vary greatly, the spacing of seismic walls should not exceed 24 meters, and additional seismic walls, wing walls, supports, and other lateral force components should be added internally. Alternatively, the single-span frame corresponding to the axis can be changed to a multi-span frame.
4. Insufficient building rigidity: In this case, there are two measures. One is to reinforce the building by adding reinforced concrete anti-seismic walls or wing walls. The other is to strengthen the seismic brackets by adding supports.
5. When the actual bending capacity of the frame beams and columns is insufficient, two measures are taken: one is to reinforce the frame columns by using encased steel, expanding the concrete cross-section, or bonding steel plates, etc.; the other is to determine the countermeasures based on the structural elastic-plastic analysis results under rare earthquakes.
6. When the reinforcement requirements of the frame beams and columns of seismic bracing do not meet the standards, the following methods can be adopted:外包 steel sections, expanding the concrete cross-section, or bonding steel plates, carbon fiber mats, steel wire mesh, and polymer mortar. These three methods are applicable.
7. If the鉴定 requirements for the frame column axial compression ratio do not meet the standards, reinforcement by expanding the concrete cross-section is sufficient.
8. If the reinforcement requirements of the reinforced concrete seismic wall do not meet the standards, simply thicken the existing wall or add end columns and walls.
9. When the identification requirements of stair components do not meet the standards, reinforcement can be achieved by using bonded steel plates, carbon fiber mats, steel wire mesh, and polymer mortar.

How to reinforce a school against earthquakes:
1. Under the premise of ensuring safety and effectiveness, the seismic reinforcement project for school buildings should give priority to economic considerations as much as possible, making the operational design as convenient as feasible. If, after optimizing the design, the estimated reinforcement cost is still above 70% of the new construction cost, it is advisable to dismantle and renovate.
2. The seismic reinforcement project for school buildings will not initially consider thermal insulation and energy-saving design. It should endeavor to retain the existing doors, windows, and exterior bricks.
3. Reinforcement design should adhere to the principle of seeking truth from facts, and strive to avoid or minimize reinforcement for projects that meet the required conditions.
4. Reinforcement design and inspection units should conduct on-site surveys after the wall (primarily interior walls) has been removed, and refine the reinforcement design based on the on-site conditions.
5. If the teaching building exceeds the current code requirements for height and floor count, it should undergo seismic calculations to determine if the structure meets the seismic bearing capacity requirements, followed by seismic reinforcement design.
6. For old teaching buildings without construction design documents, review the seismic reinforcement design drawings based on the "Seismic Assessment Report."
7. A mixed masonry-frame structure teaching building designed according to the requirements of masonry and frame structures for seismic reinforcement.

Seismic reinforcement technology for brick-and-concrete structures
1. Concrete mortar and reinforced wire mesh mortar surface reinforcement
Cement mortar and reinforced mesh mortar layer reinforcement is one of the more commonly used strengthening methods for brick-concrete structures. This method involves applying a layer of cement mortar or reinforced mesh cement mortar of a certain thickness on one or both sides of the brick wall to enhance the seismic resistance of the brick wall.
2. Reinforced concrete panel wall reinforcement
Reinforced concrete panel wall reinforcement is another commonly used method for strengthening brick-and-concrete structures. This method involves casting or spraying a certain thickness of reinforced concrete wall on one or both sides of the wall to be reinforced, in order to enhance the seismic bearing capacity of the original wall.
3. Added seismic wall reinforcement
Additional seismic-resistant walls are reinforced when the comprehensive seismic capacity of the building does not meet the assessment requirements, or when the spacing between seismic cross-walls exceeds the assessment requirements. The additional seismic walls can be either masonry walls or reinforced concrete walls, and it is generally preferred to use seismic walls made of the same material as the original structure.
4. Additional Ring Beam - Reinforced Concrete Column Reinforcement
Circular beams and structural columns play a crucial role in enhancing the seismic resistance and preventing collapse of brick-and-concrete structures. Therefore, for brick-and-concrete buildings that have not been set up in accordance with seismic assessment requirements, reinforcement can be achieved by adding circular beams and reinforced concrete columns.
5. Steel wire mesh - Reinforced with polymer mortar coating
Steel wire mesh reinforcement with polymer mortar surface bonding is a method of reinforcement using steel wire mesh as the reinforcing material, bonded to the wall surface with polymer mortar.

Seismic reinforcement design should also take the following issues into consideration:
1. During seismic reinforcement design, the distribution of structural stiffness and strength should be uniform to avoid the emergence of new weak layers.
2. During seismic reinforcement design, vertical load-bearing components should be continuous to ensure a clear force transmission path.
3. Increased seismic effects during reinforcement design, as the structural self-vibration characteristics change after reinforcement.
4. When adding components or reinforcing existing ones in seismic reinforcement design, the potential for reducing the overall structural torsional effect must be considered.
5. Reinforce the seismic construction of weak areas during seismic fortification design.
6. During seismic reinforcement design, ensure the structural load distribution is more rational, prevent brittle failure of components, and eliminate load-bearing conditions such as strong beams and weak columns, or strong components and weak joints that are unfavorable for seismic resistance.
7. When designing seismic reinforcement, consider the impact of the construction site. For the specific site conditions of the building, choose a structural system with a smaller ground motion response after reinforcement, to avoid the increase in seismic effects exceeding the improvement in the structure's seismic capacity.
8. When designing seismic reinforcement, employ the latest seismic technology for reinforcement. Adopting relatively mature new seismic reinforcement technology can significantly improve the overall seismic performance of the structure and enhance its seismic capacity; this should be strongly promoted.
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