20-ton Rural Integrated Water Purification Equipment Operation and Usage Instructions

I. Process Flow

1. Process Description: Raw water flows into the integrated water purifier through the inlet pipeline. A pipeline mixer is installed before the purifier, where coagulant and pH adjuster are added to adjust the pH level to between 6.5 and 8.5. The impurities in the water are then uniformly mixed with the chemicals in the mixer before entering the fully automatic purifier. Inside the purifier, the water undergoes reaction coagulation, sedimentation, and filtration. The purified water, after being treated with disinfectant, is then transferred to the clear water reservoir and delivered to the customer.

2. Water Purification Equipment Unit Processing Functions

Reaction: The raw water under pressure flows into the integrated water purifier. The polyaluminum chloride coagulant is added to the static pipeline meter set before the inlet of the water purification equipment. Through the mixing action of the pipeline mixer, the impurities in the water are fully mixed and react with the coagulant.

The concrete: Advanced reaction flocculation technology is designed in the reaction flocculation zone of water purification equipment, integrating both grid reaction flocculation and plate reaction flocculation processes. This allows for rapid condensation of suspended particles in water into large floc aggregates (commonly known as "floc flowers"), with extended reaction flocculation time and larger floc aggregates, laying a solid foundation for inclined plate sedimentation.

Deposition: According to the principle of the "Shallow Deposition Theory," increasing the surface area of the deposition zone can enhance the deposition effect. In the sedimentation zone of the water purification equipment, a Φ35mm hexagonal honeycomb slanting tube is installed, with a height of 1000mm. This increases the surface area of the deposition zone, akin to creating numerous shallow ponds. It allows the suspended floc in the water to settle rapidly, with the settled sludge falling into the sludge collection pit and periodically discharged outside the equipment. The clarified water from the upper layer of the slanting tube zone flows into the filtration zone, with the turbidity of the clarified water in the upper part of the slanting tube deposition zone reaching 10 NTU, laying a solid foundation for the effluent to meet the filtration zone standards.

Filtering: Multi-layered quartz sand filter material is installed in the filtration zone with a height of 800mm. The quartz sand is sourced from the natural quartz sand produced in Jinjiang, Fujian Province, which is hard, not easily broken, and available in two specifications: 0.5～1.0mm and 1.0～2.0mm. A 150mm thick pebble filling layer is installed at the bottom of the filter layer, with a filter cap with high flow rate and small gaps below it. By installing multi-layered quartz sand filter material in the filtration zone, fine floc in the water is retained, and the water quality is purified. The filtered clean water enters the upper storage tank through connecting pipes and is stored there. Once the tank is full, the water flows through the outlet pipe into the clean water tank. As the filtration time continues, the suspended pollutants trapped in the filter layer increase, causing the filter resistance to gradually increase. This prompts the water level in the siphon pipe to rise continuously. When the water level reaches the opening of the siphon assist pipe, water falls from a high position, driven by the suction pipe, to remove air from the descending pipe, thus creating a vacuum state. When the vacuum reaches a certain level, siphon action occurs. At this point, the water stored in the tank flows through the filter layer from bottom to top through the connecting pipes, rinsing the filter material. The rinsing water is discharged from the siphon descending pipe. When the water level in the rinsing tank drops to the opening of the siphon destruction pipe, air enters the siphon pipe, breaking the siphon action, and the filter layer rinsing is complete. The filtration zone then enters the next cycle of filtration operation, without the need for manual operation.

3. Water Discharge and Sterilization: The integrated water purification equipment discharges water directly into the clear water tank, where sterilizing and disinfecting agents are added to meet the standards for potable water, and the purified water is then supplied to all water outlets.

4. Model Specifications and Parameters
 

Part Two: Proportion and dosage of coagulants, flocculants, and disinfectants

1. Prepare a 5% concentration of polyaluminum chloride solution in the dosing tank for coagulants, stir until dissolved evenly, then pour it into the medication box after the liquid has cooled. Turn on the dosing pump and inject the coagulant into the inlet pipe. The dosage range is typically 10-25 mg/L (10-12 L/H), and the amount of coagulant should be adjusted according to the turbidity of the incoming water.

2. Prepare a 5% concentration of food additive alkali solution in the flocculant dosing drum, stir until dissolved evenly, and then pour it into the dosing tank after the liquid has cooled. Activate the dosing metering pump, with the dosing range typically being 5-10 mg/L (5-8 L/H). The pH level in the water supply should not exceed 8.5.

3. Place 3-5 calcium hypochlorite disinfection tablets in the slow-release disinfectant unit, open the water inlet and liquid outlet valves of the disinfectant unit, and adjust the water flow valve to keep the rotameter suspended at the 1/3 position. Replace the disinfection tablets every 15 days.

If the user has special requirements and needs to use sodium hypochlorite disinfectant, the dosage is 2-3 grams per ton of water.
 

Section 3: Water Purification Equipment - Start-up and Operation

1. Gradually open the water inlet valve of the water purifier, and control the water flow rate using the inlet valve according to the rated treatment flow of the purifier, keeping the water flow within the designated range.

2. Start the concrete admixture dosing pump, start the flocculant dosing pump, and adjust the pulsation frequency of the dosing pump to the appropriate dosage.

3. Observe the size of the floc clumps in the sedimentation area of the water purifier. If the floc is very fine, one possibility is that the incoming water volume is too high, so adjust by closing the inlet valve. Another possibility is that the dosage of coagulant is insufficient, so increase the chemical dosage appropriately.

4. Fill the drainage trench with water and check for any seepage at the front section of the weir. If any seepage is found, it should be sealed immediately.

5. Inspect the backflush drain pipe of the filter pool and the siphon auxiliary pipe, which must be kept submerged at all times and never exposed above the water surface.

6. Monitor the liquid levels in the coagulant dosing tank and the flocculant dosing tank daily. When the liquid levels in the dosing tanks approach the bottom, rebalance with fresh chemicals.

Note: Do not run the metering pump at no load to prevent motor burnout.

Four: Sedimentation basin sludge discharge
 

The water purification equipment operates 24/7. It is necessary to open the sludge discharge valve at the bottom of the sedimentation tank to remove the sludge accumulated in the mud collecting trough at the bottom. Each valve takes approximately 1-2 minutes to discharge the sludge. Close the valve once the discharged wastewater appears relatively clean.

V. Backwashing Operation of Filter Pools

1. The filtration pool of the water purification equipment features an automatic siphon backwashing system, typically requiring no manual operation.

Each compartment of the filter pool has a backwashing time of 4 to 5 minutes.

3. When the raw water turbidity is high and the turbidity of the clarified zone at the top of the inclined tube sedimentation area exceeds 10 NTU, or when the filtration area is operating beyond its capacity, manual forced backwashing operations must be conducted.

4. Forced backwash operation method
 

(1) Open the forced flush valve, and once the forced siphon backwash is formed, quickly close the forced backwash valve.

(2) Perform a forced backwash on each room's filter tank using the same method, with the backwash drainage automatically stopping.

(3) After the forced backwashing is completed, the filter tank resumes normal filtration operation.

Six. Water purification equipment must be managed and operated by designated personnel, and daily operation records must be maintained.

Hunan Life Great Industry Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd.

Company Address: D-7 Building, Gaokang Auto Parts Industrial Park, Taishan Road, Tianyuan District, Zhuzhou City

Phone: 0731-22661930

Email: 1023081571@qq.com