Axial flow pumps differ significantly from centrifugal pumps in both their design and working principles, and their performance characteristics are also vastly different. In practical applications, it is crucial to differentiate between them and adopt different operational methods to guide production practices and address production issues. The performance of axial flow pumps is represented by working parameters. Parameters such as flow rate, head, power, and efficiency are interrelated. If these relationships are depicted in a graphical form, they become the pump performance curves, which are obtained through experimental methods by pump manufacturers and provided to users as technical information. The variation patterns between flow rate and head, and flow rate and power, are similar. Generally, head and power decrease gradually as the pump flow rate increases, but there are turning points in the process. As the flow rate increases, head and power rise gradually before decreasing again. The highest efficiency is achieved at high flow rates; when the flow rate Q=0, the pump head and shaft power are approximately 1.5 to 2 times the highest efficiency. Operating an axial flow pump at low flow rates is not permitted due to the formation of vortices within the pump, which lead to a sharp decline in pump efficiency and an unstable operating condition, both of which are unacceptable in production.