Soil Spray Application Construction Process

1. Basic Process Flow:

2. Construction Preparation

Establish safety protection zones: Prohibit pedestrians and vehicles from passing through areas near the construction site, clearly define the safety protection zones, and set up construction signs at both ends of the site.

In compliance with construction safety operation standards, safety measures are selected, steel pipe scaffolding is erected, bamboo scaffold boards are laid underneath, protective nets are hung above, or ropes are suspended from the summit with safety belts attached for construction. Scaffold construction is carried out according to the construction specifications for scaffolding, with construction workers on site wearing hard hats and necessary protective gear.

3. Worksite Cleanup

Clear debris and loose rock from the working surface, and trim the edges at the slope corners and the top of the slope to form an arc shape. Flatten the working surface as much as possible to facilitate the soil spray seeding construction and enhance the greenery effect of the working surface. Ensure that the undulation of the working surface before construction is ±10cm, with a maximum of ±15cm. Cover and compact soil in low-lying areas, or fill with soil in biodegradable bags until the reverse slope section disappears. If conditions permit, create transverse grooves at regular heights on the working surface to increase its roughness, thereby enhancing the adhesion of the topsoil to the working surface.

If the rock slope is inherently unstable, it should be reinforced with prestressed anchor rods and cables.

4. Excavation and drainage trench construction

The proper and reasonable design of the drainage system on the work surface directly affects the growth environment of the vegetation. For long and large slopes, as well as the tops and bases of the slopes and platforms, drainage ditches must be installed. Additionally, consider whether to set up slope drainage ditches based on the size of the water flow on the work surface.

5. Laying and securing the net

High-galvanized diamond wire mesh or high-strength plastic geotextile is used, with a mesh size of 5cm x 5cm. Anchor bolts and anchor pins are arranged in a plum blossom pattern using a pneumatic or electric drill at a 1x1m spacing in rock areas. Anchor bolts are 90-100cm long, and anchor pins are approximately 15-40cm long. During the mesh installation, the rolls are unrolled from top to bottom, with adjacent rolls of wire mesh (geotextile) connected and secured with binding wire, ensuring at least a 10cm overlap at the junction. There should be no fewer than 5 anchor pins per square meter. The mesh should maintain a consistent gap from the working surface. On steeper rock surfaces, grass ropes can be wrapped around the mesh at certain intervals to increase adhesion, ensuring the thickness of the imported soil is protected. The mesh allows the imported soil matrix to form a durable, integrated slab on the rock surface.

6. Soil Spraying

Before the soil spraying, water is applied to moisten the slope surface. The mixed materials, including peat, humus soil, grass fiber, and controlled-release fertilizer, are stirred by a special machine and then sprayed onto the wire mesh. The thickness ranges from 2 to 8 cm. Due to the loss of substrate moisture, the general requirement is that the thickness be 125% of the designed thickness.

Section 7: Plant Seed Sowing by Spraying

Based on the soil or rock surface characteristics of the work area, local climate conditions, and construction season, select plant seeds in conjunction with the growth characteristics of various plants. Additionally, incorporate native tree seed varieties from similar terrain in the local area to ensure secondary vegetation gradually merges with the natural ecological vegetation over the next few years, leaving no trace of artificial landscaping.

Seeds for shrubs and trees should be soaked in 80℃ hot water (with seed soak) for 1 day. Herb seeds can be soaked for 1-2 hours before sowing to absorb moisture.

Processed seeds, fibers, adhesives, water-retaining agents, compound fertilizers, controlled-release fertilizers, and microbial fertilizers are mixed into a spraying slurry by a spraying machine. Under the action of a spraying pump, the slurry is evenly sprayed onto the work surface.

8. Coverage

To ensure that plant seeds are protected from rain wash during the rainy season, and to safeguard seeds and seedlings from damage during the cold season, as well as to maintain humidity and temperature during normal construction seasons, the use of non-woven fabric (or straw curtains) for covering is required. It is crucial to apply this covering meticulously to prevent the non-woven fabric from being blown away prematurely. The objectives are twofold: first, to prevent the work surface from being washed away after it has been formed; and second, to retain heat and moisture, which promotes plant growth.

9. Maintenance Management

During the sprouting to seedling stage of plant seeds, water and maintain soil moisture. Begin by watering once daily in the morning (water twice a day during hot summers, once in the morning and once in the evening), misting the water (installing a fog nozzle if possible). As the plant grows, gradually reduce the frequency of watering and adjust according to precipitation.

During the gradual growth of lawn grass, timely fertilization and pest control are essential. Fertilization should adhere to the principle of "multiple applications with small amounts." One month after the seeding is completed, inspect the growth of the grass, and re-seed areas where growth is notably uneven.