Soil Spray Slope Greening Technology

Construction Preparation

Establish safety protection zones: Prohibit pedestrians and vehicles from passing through near the construction site, define the safety protection zone, and set up construction signs at both ends of the site.

In compliance with construction safety operation standards, safety precautions are selected, steel pipe scaffolding is erected, bamboo scaffold planks are laid beneath, protective nets are hung above, or rope slings are suspended from the summit for workers to tie safety belts and perform construction. Scaffold construction is carried out according to the scaffold construction specifications, with construction personnel on site wearing hard hats and necessary protective gear.

Worksite Clean-up

Clear debris and loose rock from the working surface, and trim the edges at the slope corners and the top of the slope to form an arc. Aim to level the working surface as much as possible to facilitate the soil-spraying construction and enhance the greenery effect of the working area. Ensure that the undulation of the working surface before construction is an average of ±10cm, with a maximum of ±15cm. For low-lying areas, cover and compact the soil backfill or use planting bags filled with soil to fill until the reverse slope section disappears. If conditions permit, a transverse groove can be opened at a certain height on the working surface to increase its roughness, thereby enhancing the adhesion of the soil to the working surface.

If the rock slope is inherently unstable, it should be reinforced with pre-stressed anchor rods and cables.

Construction of drainage ditches

The appropriateness and rationality of the drainage system on the working surface directly impact the growth environment of the vegetation. For long and large slopes, as well as the tops and bottoms of slopes, and platforms, drainage ditches must be set up. Additionally, the consideration for installing slope drainage ditches should be based on the size of the water flow on the working surface.

Weaving and nailing the web.

Utilizing high galvanized diamond wire mesh or high-strength plastic reinforced geotextile, with a mesh size of 5cm x 5cm. At rock surfaces, anchors and anchor bolts are installed in a plum blossom pattern with a spacing of 1m x 1m using air or electric drills. Anchor bolts are 90-100cm long. Anchor bolts are approximately 15-40cm in length. During mesh installation, the rolls are unrolled from top to bottom, with adjacent rolls of wire mesh (geotextile) connected and secured using binding wire. At the junction of the two meshes, a minimum overlap of 10cm is required, with at least 5 anchor bolts per square meter. Maintain a consistent gap between the mesh and the working surface. On steep rock faces, wrap grass rope at regular intervals around the mesh to increase adhesion and ensure the thickness of the soil cover. The mesh allows the soil matrix to form a durable, integrated panel on the rock surface.

Soil Spraying

Before the soil spraying, the slope is watered to moisten it. The mixed materials, including peat, humus soil, grass fiber, and controlled-release fertilizer, are blended and then sprayed onto the wire mesh through a special machine, with a thickness of 2-8 cm. Due to the loss of moisture in the substrate, the thickness is generally required to be 125% of the designed thickness.

Broadcasted Plant Seeds

Based on the soil or rock surface characteristics of the construction site, local climate conditions, and construction season, select plant seeds that align with various plant growth characteristics. Additionally, incorporate local native tree species seeds from similar landforms in the area. This ensures that the secondary vegetation will gradually blend with the natural ecological vegetation over the next few years, leaving no trace of artificial manipulation.

Seeds of shrubs and trees are soaked in 80℃ hot water (with seed treatment) for 1 day, while herbaceous plant seeds are soaked for 1-2 hours before broadcasting to ensure they are moistened. The treated seeds are then mixed with fiber, binder, water retention agent, compound fertilizer, controlled-release fertilizer, and microbial fertilizer using a broadcast seeder, creating a slurry. Under the action of the broadcast pump, the mixture is evenly sprayed onto the working surface.

Covered

To ensure that plant seeds are protected from rain erosion before they germinate during the rainy season, and to shield seeds and seedlings from harm during the cold season, as well as to maintain temperature and moisture during the normal construction season, it is required to cover them with non-woven fabric (or straw curtains) meticulously. This measure aims to prevent the early blowing away of the non-woven fabric and serves two purposes: first, to prevent the finished work surface from being washed away by rain; second, to retain heat and moisture, thereby promoting plant growth.

Maintenance Management

During the germination and seedling stage of plants, water and care the soil to keep it moist. Begin by watering once daily in the morning (twice a day during hot summer, once in the morning and once in the evening), and mist the water (installing a fogging nozzle where possible). As the plants grow, gradually reduce the frequency of watering and adjust according to rainfall. During the gradual growth of lawn grass, fertilize and manage pests and diseases at appropriate times, adhering to the principle of "frequent but small doses." One month after the seeding is completed, inspect the growth of the lawn and re-seed areas where growth is notably uneven.