The principle of water purification equipment mainly relies on physical filtration and membrane separation technologies. Here is the working principle of water purification equipment:

Physical Filtration. Removes large particles, suspended solids, colloids, and other microparticles from water through different layers of filtration materials, such as sand beds, stainless steel mesh, cotton felt, and activated carbon.

Membrane separation technology. Utilizes semi-permeable membranes to separate solutes and solvents from water under pressure. For instance, reverse osmosis (RO) technology employs pressure to push water through the membrane, allowing pure water to pass through while pollutants are rejected.

Additionally, there are other technologies such as microfiltration, ultrafiltration, and nanofiltration, which utilize membranes with different pore sizes to filter out particles and molecules of varying sizes from water.