Detailed Description
Insulators are made by bonding porcelain components with upper and lower metal fittings using an adhesive. The porcelain component ends are in contact with metal fittings, which are cushioned with elastic washers. The bonding areas of the porcelain components feature structures such as sanding, knurling, and grooving to ensure mechanical strength, prevent loosening, and twisting. The porcelain surface is evenly glazed white, and the metal fittings are coated with gray magnetic paint.
The insulator porcelain components have two main structures: a hollow partition (breakable) structure and a solid (unbreakable) structure. The combined adhesive mounted pillar insulators are generally of the solid unbreakable structure. This latter structure offers improved safety and reliability over the former, reducing the maintenance and testing workload.
The insulator porcelain pieces come in two shapes: with more or fewer棱. The multi-棱 shape increases the surface distance, offering better electrical properties than the fewer-棱 shape. All products except for the gradually being phased out vulcanized rubber mounted insulators are in the multi-棱 shape.
The inner rubber assembly structure, due to the metal accessories being inserted into the porcelain parts' holes, correspondingly increases the insulation distance, enhancing the electrical performance. Additionally, it reduces the space required during installation. However, as the inner rubber assembly is not conducive to increasing mechanical strength, insulators with high mechanical strength requirements should be assembled using a combination method (i.e., the upper accessories use inner rubber assembly, and the lower accessories use outer rubber assembly).
The disk-type suspension porcelain insulator for high-voltage overhead transmission and distribution lines is used for insulation and wire fixation. Generally, they are assembled into insulator strings for use on lines of various voltage levels.
Standard insulators are suitable for general areas; increasing the number of insulator discs can also enhance the performance against pollution flashover.
Suspended porcelain insulators are made by bonding porcelain components, iron caps, and steel feet with a cementitious adhesive of not less than No. 525 silicate cement and quartz sand. The contact surfaces of the iron caps and steel feet with the adhesive are coated with a thin buffering layer, and the top of the steel feet features an elastic pad. The porcelain surface is typically glazed with white and brown glazes, or other glazes as required. The iron caps and steel feet are fully hot-dip galvanized. The push-pull type elastic locking pins for spherical connections come in W and R types, both made of tin bronze, brass, and austenitic stainless steel, offering good elasticity and corrosion resistance, and easy assembly and disassembly. The cylindrical and saddle-shaped open pins for槽type connections are made of brass; the cylindrical pins are hot-dip galvanized. The elastic locking pins and cylindrical pins, etc., of the zero insulators are divided into spherical and槽type according to the connection method.
Standard and dirt-resistant insulators of the same strength grade, with identical ball socket connection dimensions, are interchangeable.
