Fiberglass is a high-performance inorganic non-metallic material with a wide variety of types. Its advantages include excellent insulation, strong heat resistance, good corrosion resistance, and high mechanical strength. However, it has the drawback of being brittle and poorly wear-resistant. It is produced from six types of ores, including talc, quartz sand, limestone, dolomite, borax, and magnesite, through processes like high-temperature melting, fiber drawing, yarn spinning, and weaving. The diameter of a single fiber ranges from a few micrometers to twenty or more, which is equivalent to 1/20 to 1/5 of a human hair. Each bundle of fiber yarn consists of hundreds, and even thousands, of individual fibers. Fiberglass is commonly used as reinforcing material in composite materials, electrical insulation, thermal insulation, circuit boards, and various other fields of the national economy.

Glass fiber, as a reinforcing material for plastics, boasts high tensile strength. The tensile strength is 6.3 to 6.9 g/d under standard conditions and 5.4 to 5.8 g/d in a wet state. It has excellent heat resistance, with no impact on strength at temperatures up to 300°C. It also exhibits superior electrical insulation properties, making it a high-grade electrical insulator and used in thermal insulation and fire shielding materials. Generally, it is only corroded by concentrated alkalis, hydrofluoric acid, and phosphoric acid.