1、 Scope of application, conditions of use, and classification:

Outdoor rod-shaped ceramic insulators are suitable for insulation and support of conductive parts in power frequency AC systems with nominal voltages ranging from 35 to 750 kV in substations, distribution equipment, and power station electrical equipment. The installation location of insulators shall not exceed an altitude of 1000m, and the ambient temperature shall be -40 ℃ to+40 ℃.

According to the cleanliness level of the atmospheric environment, insulators are divided into three types: ordinary type, pollution resistant type, and heavy pollution resistant type.

According to the different supported electrical equipment, it is divided into three types: busbar and isolation switch support, wave resistor support, and hollow reactor support.

2、 Structural features:

Insulators are made by bonding porcelain components and upper and lower metal accessories with cement adhesive. Apply brown glaze on the surface of porcelain or glaze according to the color requested by the user.

The surface of metal accessories is hot-dip galvanized, and insulators with a voltage rating of 330kV and above are used to support busbars, with a voltage equalizing ring on the top.

Standard umbrella shaped insulators are used for ordinary insulators (see Figure 1). The pollution resistant and heavy pollution resistant insulators adopt umbrella shaped structures with alternating large and small umbrellas and edges under the umbrellas, which have been selected through artificial pollution testing (see Figure 2). Due to the protection of the large umbrella, the small umbrella is less susceptible to pollution, and the large distance between the large umbrellas improves the discharge characteristics between them, thereby enhancing the pollution resistance of the insulator and facilitating flushing with charged water.

Heavy pollution resistant insulators are suitable for use under salt dense conditions of 0.08-0.25mg/cm2.