Structural and Functional Analysis of an Intelligent Greenhouse System

The intelligent greenhouse system utilizes IoT technology to remotely or automatically control equipment such as wet-bulb fans, shower irrigation, interior and exterior shading, ceiling windows, heating, and lighting, through model analysis. It provides real-time data on air temperature and humidity within the greenhouse, soil moisture and temperature, carbon dioxide concentration, light intensity, and video images. The system also grows on smartphones to ensure the greenhouse environment is suitable for crop growth. Information terminals like PDAs and computers provide real-time monitoring, early warning alerts, and agricultural technical knowledge to farmers, achieving intensive and networked remote management of greenhouses.

In recent years, the use of agricultural greenhouses for planting has greatly facilitated the improvement of people's living standards and has been rapidly promoted and applied. Environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, light, soil moisture, and carbon dioxide concentration have a significant impact on crop production. Traditional manual control methods are difficult to meet the scientific and reasonable requirements of cultivation. Currently, there are few systems in our country capable of automatically monitoring these environmental factors. However, importing multi-functional large-span greenhouse control systems from abroad is expensive and not suitable for our national conditions.

In response to the current trends in greenhouse development, a design for a remote monitoring system for greenhouses has been proposed. Due to the specificity of tunnel monitoring, the tunnel's on-site parameters must be transmitted to the management personnel. While dispatching personnel's commands to the field execution equipment, the supervisory department can also stay informed about the real-time tunnel conditions at any time via the internet and mobile messages. The 490MHz, GPRS intelligent greenhouse system makes this possible.

Smart greenhouse systems, often referred to as intelligent greenhouses, are costly with advanced and complex structures. They possess a solid foundation for agricultural industrialization and assembly line-style work design, making them suitable for leisure agriculture, soilless cultivation, flower farming, vegetable greenhouses, and more.

What is an intelligent greenhouse system?

Intelligent greenhouse systems are a general term (non-specialist term) for Dutch-style greenhouses and other greenhouses equipped with enhanced intelligent control systems. Typically, the main structure of an intelligent greenhouse is based on the Dutch-style greenhouse (double-sloped, gable roof), covered with glass and PC board insulation, and equipped with shading systems, cooling systems, forced ventilation systems, natural ventilation systems, heating systems, lighting systems, intelligent control systems, misting systems, and bed systems, among other advanced facilities and equipment. This significantly enhances production management efficiency, especially with the integration of the Internet of Things intelligent control system and intelligent greenhouse management efficiency.

Components of an Intelligent Greenhouse System:

Intelligent greenhouse systems and control units integrate technologies such as sensors, automatic control, communication, and computing to establish an intelligent software and hardware platform for greenhouses. This platform enables automatic monitoring and control of factors like temperature, humidity, light, and carbon dioxide within the greenhouse.

The intelligent greenhouse system simulates fundamental ecological factors such as temperature, humidity, light, and CO2 concentration to meet the needs of various organisms for growth and reproduction. It consists of intelligent monitoring units that accurately measure greenhouse climate and soil parameters based on preset parameters. It manually or automatically initiates or shuts down various execution structures (irrigation, wet curtain pumps, fans, ventilation systems, etc.), collecting the required data in real-time through various sensors.

The use of intelligent greenhouse systems provides plants with an ideal growing environment, reduces labor intensity, enhances equipment utilization, improves greenhouse climate, mitigates pests and diseases, and increases crop yields.

The entire system is primarily composed of three parts: data collection, data transmission, and the data management center.