SPD surge protector

Surge protector, also known as a lightning arrester, is an electronic device that provides safety protection for various electronic equipment, instruments, and communication lines. When a sudden spike in current or voltage occurs in the electrical circuit or communication line due to external interference, the surge protector can conduct and divert the excess in a very short time, thereby preventing damage to other equipment in the circuit. 1. Air-termination system
Metal objects and structures designed for direct lightning reception or absorption, such as lightning rods, lightning conductors (wires), lightning grids, etc.

2. Downlinenductor system
Metal conductor connecting the connector to the grounding device.
3. Earth Termination System
Total of grounding bodies and grounding conductor connections.
4. Grounding electrode
A metallic conductor embedded in the ground and directly in contact with the earth. Also known as a grounding electrode. Various metallic structures, facilities, pipelines, and equipment that come into direct contact with the earth can serve as grounding bodies, and are referred to as natural grounding bodies.
5. Earth conductor connection
A connecting wire or conductor from the grounding terminal of electrical equipment to the grounding device, or from metal objects requiring equipotential bonding, main grounding terminal, grounding汇总board, main grounding busbar, or equipotential bonding busbar to the grounding device.
6. Direct Lightning Flash
Direct lightning strikes on actual objects such as buildings, the earth, or lightning protection devices.
7. Ground Potential Counter Flashover
Current from a lightning strike passing through a grounding point or system can cause changes in the ground potential in that area.反击 from ground potential can lead to changes in the potential of the grounding system, potentially damaging electronic and electrical equipment.
8. Lightning Protection System (LPS)
Systems to mitigate damage from lightning strikes to protective targets such as buildings and equipment, including external and internal lightning protection systems.
8.1 External Lightning Protection System
External lightning protection components of buildings or their structures typically consist of air terminals, down conductors, and grounding devices, designed to prevent direct lightning strikes.
8.2 Internal Lightning Protection System
The lightning protection component within buildings typically consists of an equipotential bonding system, a common grounding system, a shielding system, proper wiring, and surge protectors, primarily designed to minimize and prevent the electromagnetic effects caused by lightning currents within the protected space.