Greenhouse with solar energy utilization is a simple facility commonly used for vegetable cultivation over winter in cold regions without additional heating, and it has distinct Chinese characteristics, being a unique facility in our country. The structure of solar greenhouses varies across regions and there are numerous classification methods. By wall material, there are earthen construction greenhouses, brick and stone structure greenhouses, and composite structure greenhouses, among others. By rear roof length, there are long rear slope greenhouses and short rear slope greenhouses; by front roof style, there are two-folding, three-folding, arched round, and micro-arched styles, etc. By structure, there are bamboo and wood structures, steel and wood structures, reinforced concrete structures, all-steel structures, all-reinforced concrete structures, suspension cable structures, and hot-dip galvanized steel pipe assembly structures.

The front slope is covered with thermal insulation blankets at night, while the east, west, and north sides are single-slope plastic greenhouses with protective walls, collectively known as solar greenhouses. Their prototype is a single-slope glass greenhouse, which evolves into the early solar greenhouse by replacing the light-transmitting covering material on the front slope with plastic film instead of glass. Solar greenhouses are characterized by good insulation, low investment, and energy-saving, making them particularly suitable for use in economically underdeveloped rural areas in our country.