Compensators, also commonly known as expansion joints or bellows, are composed of the bellows (a type of elastic element) that form the core of their operation, along with accessories such as end pipes, supports, flanges, conduits, and more. They are a type of compensation element. They utilize the excellent expansion and contraction deformation of the bellows to absorb size changes in pipelines, conduits, vessels, etc., caused by thermal expansion and contraction, or to compensate for axial, lateral, and angular displacements of pipelines, conduits, and vessels. They can also be used for noise reduction and vibration control. In modern industry, they have a wide range of applications. In heating systems, to prevent pipeline deformation or damage due to thermal expansion or temperature stress when heating pipes, compensators need to be installed in the pipeline to compensate for the thermal expansion, thereby reducing the stress on the pipe walls and the forces acting on valves or support structures.