Material Type

Selecting the appropriate materials for application requiresRaleighWe have a good understanding of the common materials used in flat wire products. The correct material can prevent additional costs and malfunctions during operation. Carbon steel is a commonly used material. While stainless steel is more expensive than carbon steel, it offers better corrosion resistance and a wider range of working temperatures.

Carbon Spring Steel

65Mn

SWRH 72A/72B

SAE1070-1090

SAE1070-1090High-carbon tempered spring steel is the standard material for spiral retainers and wave springs. The martensitic structure produced by oil quenching processes significantly enhances the material's tensile and yield strengths.

SAE1060-107

SAE1060-1075High-carbon hard-drawn spring steel is the standard material for clip retainer rings. The hard-drawn carbon steel does not have a grade because its strength is determined by the drawing process.

These carbon steels produced by these tempering processes are suitable for environments with existing protective measures, as they can corrode without lubrication or sealing. Additional corrosion protection can be achieved through special surface treatments. The retaining rings and springs are typically supplied with oil immersion surface treatment to provide protection during transportation and storage on shelves.

•Carbon steel is highly magnetic and can appear in various colors, including blue, black, and gray.

Stainless Steel

302Stainless Steel

302Stainless steel is the standard stainless steel used for spiral retaining rings. This material is widely used due to its combination of corrosion resistance and good physical properties.302The elasticity of stainless steel stems from the cold working process. Although it is non-magnetic stainless steel, it becomes so after cold working.302It has a slight magnetic property. It cannot be hardened through heat treatment.

•302Silver gray.

316Stainless Steel

316Stainless steel &302The physical properties and heat resistance of stainless steel are almost identical. Due to the presence of molybdenum, its corrosion resistance is higher, especially against pitting corrosion.316Stainless steel is commonly used in food, chemical, and seawater applications.

316Magnetic properties of stainless steel are less than302Stainless steel. But with302Similar to stainless steel, its magnetism increases as the wire is cold rolled.316Stainless steel cannot be hardened through heat treatment.

•316Silver gray.

17-7PHPrecipitation Hardening Stainless Steel

The corrosion resistance of this alloy is302Similar to stainless steel, but with higher tensile and yield strengths, making it suitable for special snap ring applications. Resists fatigue and high stress conditions.17-7Higher performance than high-performance carbon steel.

Its elasticity is achieved byCState sedimentation hardened toCH900Achieved through status. Therefore, the material can withstand.343℃High temperature resistance without losing elasticity.17-7PHPrecipitation HardeningCH900The magnetic properties of the stainless steel are similar to those of high-carbon steel.

•After precipitation hardening,17-7Due to the open-air heat treatment, the color may appear blue, brown, or silver, whereas controlled air heat treatment offers bright hues.

Super Alloy

InconelX-750

This nickel-chromium alloy is commonly used in high-temperature and corrosive environments. Two types of commonly used chromium-nickel iron alloys are described as follows. Generally speaking,InconelX-750Achieved spring condition through heat treatment precipitation. Alloys treated this way can withstand high371˚CTemperature. Corrosion Engineers Association(NACE)Permitted to comply with specificationsMR-01-75（RC50Products with this hard tempering process (high value) are used for spiral retaining rings and wave springs./Compressed Springs.1Hardening number requires a longer heat treatment than spring hardening, with lower tensile strength but higher...538˚CTemperature protection.

Spring tempering and1Numbered tempering can be performed through heat treatment in open air or controlled atmosphere furnaces. Open air heat treatment may result in oxidation, often leading to slight black residues. A controlled atmosphere environment eliminates oxidation issues, ensuring no residues are left on the produced products.

•Retainers and springs made from this grade of chrome-nickel iron alloy are blue./Silver gray, non-magnetic.

Copper

25Beryllium Copper Alloy

Typically used in its hard temper state, this alloy offers excellent spring properties due to its combination of low modulus of elasticity and high ultimate tensile strength. Its physical properties are achieved through precipitation hardening. Compared to other copper alloys, beryllium copper boasts high strength and shows minimal change in physical properties with increasing temperature.

•Beryllium copper alloys are non-magnetic. Their conductivity is approximately equal to that of phosphor bronze.2-4Multiple

AGrade Phosphor Bronze

Phosphor bronze offers excellent spring properties and conductivity, with performance slightly lower than beryllium copper alloys. It is sold in spring temper to maximize spring characteristics.

•Phosphor bronze can only be hardened through cold working. This material is also non-magnetic.

Material Surface Treatment

Blacken

This surface treatment offers a matte black finish. Black oxide is primarily used for aesthetic purposes rather than enhancing corrosion resistance.

Galvanized

Zinc is commonly applied to carbon steel to enhance the product's corrosion resistance. Compared to cadmium plating, zinc plating is often used as a more cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative. Our standard zinc plating solution includes:TypeVAndTypeVIAll comply withRoHSCoating thickness is determined by the service condition number (SC(Reference Number) Decisions, customers may opt to do so. Galvanizing does not necessarily cover the part between each coil of the multi-circle spring. This process can cause the locking ring to become hydrided and brittle.RaleighOffer stainless steel as an alternative choice for cadmium and zinc plating.

Oiled

This isRaleighAll products produced with carbon steel feature standard surface treatment. Oil provides corrosion resistance during transportation and daily storage. Oil immersion surface treatment should not be considered a permanent surface treatment.

Passivation

Passivation is an optional cleaning process for stainless steel. It provides a bright surface and enhances corrosion resistance. Passivation can dissolve iron particles and other substances embedded in the surface of stainless steel during the production process. If not dissolved, these foreign particles can cause rusting, discoloration, or even electrochemical corrosion.

In theory, stainless steel's corrosion resistance is provided by a thin, invisible oxide film that completely covers the retainer surface, which also prevents further oxidation. Removing contaminants can prevent damage to the oxide film, thereby achieving good corrosion resistance.

Phosphatized

The appearance is gray-black. The corrosion resistance of the phosphate is better than that of black oxide, but not as good as cadmium plating or stainless steel. Phosphate cannot be applied to stainless steel.

Steam De-greasing/Ultrasonic Cleaning

This is the standard cleaning and surface treatment for all stainless steel. The process utilizes chloride-based solvents to remove oil and other organic components from the material's surface. This solvent effectively removes grease from the exposed surfaces of retainers or springs.

The solvent flows between each turn of the annular ring through ultrasonic action.

Vibratory Deburring/Manual burr removal

AlthoughRaleighAll circumferential surfaces and edges of the retaining ring are smooth, but due to shearing operations, sharp corners are always present at the gap end. To remove the sharp corners and achieve coordination/The smooth surface finish allows for deburring via vibration or manual deburring of the retainer, to meet your specifications.