CNC lathe processing is a part of mechanical processing, mainly consisting of two types of processing methods: one involves fixing the lathe tool and machining the unfinished workpiece during rotation; the other involves fixing the workpiece and performing precision machining through the lateral and longitudinal movement of the lathe tool (tool holder) as the workpiece rotates at high speed.

Non-standard mechanical components involve a process of modifying the shape, size, or function of workpieces using machining equipment. Depending on the temperature conditions of the workpiece being processed, it is divided into cold working and hot working. Cold working typically occurs at room temperature and does not cause chemical or phase changes in the workpiece. Hot working, which involves processing at temperatures above or below room temperature, can cause such changes. Cold working can be further categorized into cutting and forging processes. Hot working methods include heat treatment, forging, casting, and welding.