Basalt aggregate is primarily composed of silica dioxide, alumina, ferric oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide (with trace amounts of potassium oxide and sodium oxide), with silica dioxide accounting for approximately 45% to 50%. Basalt is commonly found in colors such as black, dark brown, or olive green. Its compressive and bending strength properties, combined with good wear resistance and low water absorption rate, make it an excellent decorative building material. Basalt aggregate is used in the repair of roads, railways, and airport runways, known for its high compressive strength, low crushing value, strong resistance to corrosion, and asphalt adhesion. Basalt boasts features like wear resistance, low water absorption, poor electrical conductivity, high compressive strength, low crushing value, strong resistance to corrosion, and asphalt adhesion, and is internationally recognized as a solid foundation for the development of railway and road transportation.

Basalt has a wide range of applications, extending beyond the construction industry. It is an excellent raw material for producing "cast stone," which, after melting, casting, crystallization treatment, and annealing processes, forms a new material that is as hard as alloy steel and wear-resistant, offering superior corrosion resistance compared to lead and rubber. Basalt can also act as a "lubricant" in a casting steel process, extending the lifespan of the casting film. Additionally, it can be drawn into glass fibers, and the basalt glass fiber fabric it produces is more alkali-resistant and has better high-temperature performance than regular glass fiber fabric.