The exhaust treatment system primarily includes a combustion chamber, secondary combustion chamber, waste heat boiler, and rapid cooling tower. After combustion in the secondary combustion chamber, the regenerative flue gas is denitrified at 1100°C and then its heat is recovered by the waste heat boiler. The waste heat boiler can be equipped with multiple interfaces as needed for waste heat utilization, such as steam drying, dormitory heating, bathing, kitchen warming, or selling excess heat. This is beneficial for energy conservation and achieving full resource utilization.