As measured, on the DN1100 pipe, the minor flatness is 15mm, and on the DN1800 pipe, it is 21mm. This indicates that as the pipe diameter increases, so does the amount of flatness where cracks occur.

The cement mortar fabric boasts several notable advantages: it prevents the occurrence of corrosion and rust on the inner wall of pipes, ensuring long-term water conveyance performance, and has a low friction coefficient.