A fire damper is a normally closed valve that can be opened by a control center's 24V DC power or manually. It closes automatically at 280℃ and requires manual reset. Its function is to prevent the spread of fire when the smoke temperature reaches 280℃; at this point, people are mostly evacuated and smoke extraction is no longer practical, as the smoke now carries fire. The valve closes automatically to avoid the fire from spreading. The smoke exhaust outlets in the system can also be equipped with normally closed fire and smoke exhaust outlets, eliminating the need for smoke and fire dampers on the branch pipes. During a fire, the outlets can be opened by the control center's 24V DC power or manually. They close automatically at 280℃ smoke temperature, and the reset is also manual. A smoke and fire damper should also be installed at the entrance of the smoke exhaust fan room to prevent the fire from spreading to the floor where the fan room is located.