Low harmonic content in sine reverse electromotive force, with typical design values of 2.5% for the third harmonic and 0.3% for the fifth harmonic.No tooth engagement torque fluctuation.Wide torque/current linear range with high linearityHigh torque densityExtremely low hysteresis damping torque.Ultra-low inductance, small electrical time constant, and fast dynamic response.Low coaxiality requirements for stator-rotor assembly.