Membrane structure is a new form of building structure developed in the mid-20th century. Membrane structure is a spatial structure form that uses various high-strength thin film materials and reinforcement components (steel frame, steel column or steel cable) to generate pre tension stress inside to form a certain spatial shape, as a covering structure, and can withstand external loads.

Membrane structure is a newly developed form of architectural structure, which has gradually been applied in large-span buildings such as sports buildings, shopping malls, exhibition centers, and transportation service facilities. Membrane structure, as a barrier, is a type of building used to protect objects from damage. It mainly serves the function of blocking wind and rain, and is a work of art that provides people with beautiful visual enjoyment. Its softness, curves, rigidity and softness, rich shapes, and pure white and flawless appearance are eye-catching and leave a lasting impression.

Membrane structures can be divided into two categories: inflatable membrane structures and tensioned membrane structures. Inflatable membrane structure relies on continuous inflation indoors, creating a pressure difference between indoors and outdoors. The pressure difference between indoors and outdoors exerts upward buoyancy on the roof membrane fabric, thereby achieving a larger span. The tensioning structure is formed by supporting columns and steel frames or tensioning steel cables. The tensioned membrane structure is composed of membrane materials, cables, and pillars. The soft membrane structure itself cannot withstand loads and can only withstand forces after being tightened, so this structure can only withstand tensile forces and must remain in a tensile state under any circumstances, otherwise it will lose stability.