Material Type

Selecting the appropriate materials for application requiresRaleighWe have a good understanding of the common materials used in扁line products. The correct material can prevent extra costs and malfunctions during operation. Carbon steel is a commonly used material. Although stainless steel is more expensive than carbon steel, it offers better corrosion resistance and a wider temperature range for operation.

Carbon Spring Steel

65Mn

SWRH 72A/72B

SAE1070-1090

SAE1070-1090High-carbon tempered spring steel is the standard material used for helical retainers and wave springs. The martensitic structure produced by oil quenching technology significantly enhances the tensile and yield strengths of the material.

SAE1060-107

SAE1060-1075High-carbon hard-drawn spring steel is the standard material for clip retainer rings. Hard-drawn carbon steel does not have a grade number as its strength is determined by the drawing process.

These carbon steels produced by these tempering processes are suitable for environments with existing protective measures, as they can corrode in the absence of lubrication or sealing. Additional corrosion protection can be achieved through special surface treatments. The retainers and springs are typically supplied with an oil immersion surface treatment to provide protection during transportation and storage on shelves.

•Carbon steel is highly magnetic and can exhibit various colors, including blue, black, and gray.

Stainless Steel

302Stainless Steel

302Stainless steel is the standard stainless steel used for spiral retainers. This material is widely used due to its combination of corrosion resistance and good physical properties.302The elasticity of stainless steel stems from the cold working process. Although it is non-magnetic stainless steel, it becomes so after cold working.302It will have a slight magnetic property. It cannot be hardened by heat treatment.

•302Silver gray.

316Stainless Steel

316Stainless steel and302Stainless steel boasts similar physical properties and heat resistance. Its corrosion resistance, particularly against pitting, is enhanced due to the presence of molybdenum.316Stainless steel is commonly used in food, chemical, and marine applications.

316Magnetic properties of stainless steel are less than302Stainless steel. But with302Similar to stainless steel, its magnetism increases with the cold rolling of the steel wire.316Stainless steel cannot be hardened through heat treatment.

•316Silver gray.

17-7PHPrecipitation Hardening Stainless Steel

The corrosion resistance of this alloy is302Stainless steel similar, but with higher tensile and yield strengths, suitable for special snap ring applications. Resistant to fatigue and under high stress conditions,17-7High-performance carbon steel with even better performance.

Its elasticity is achieved byCState sedimentation hardening toCH900Achieved through status. Therefore, the material can withstand.343℃Retains elasticity at high temperatures without loss.17-7PHPrecipitation HardeningCH900The magnetic properties of the state stainless steel are similar to those of high-carbon steel.

•After precipitation hardening,17-7Due to the open-air heat treatment, it presents in blue, brown, or silver, whereas the controlled air heat treatment offers bright colors.

Super Alloy

InconelX-750

This nickel-chromium alloy is commonly used in high-temperature and corrosive environments. Two commonly used chromium-nickel-iron alloys are described as follows. Generally speaking,InconelX-750Through precipitation hardening to achieve spring condition. The alloy treated in this manner can withstand high371˚CTemperature. Corrosion Engineers Association(NACE)Permitted to be in compliance with specificationsMR-01-75（RC50Products of this hard tempering process (high value) are used for spiral retaining rings and wave springs./Compressed Springs1Hardening number requires a longer heat treatment period than spring hardening, with lower tensile strength, but offers high538˚CTemperature protection.

Spring tempering and1The tempering number can be heat treated in either open air or controlled atmosphere tempering furnaces. Open air heat treatment may result in oxidation, often leading to slight black residue. A controlled atmosphere eliminates oxidation issues, ensuring no residue is left on the products.

•Retainers and springs manufactured from this grade of chrome-nickel iron alloy are blue./Silver gray, non-magnetic.

Copper

25Beryllium copper alloy

Typically used in its hardening state, this alloy, with its combination of low modulus of elasticity and high ultimate tensile strength, exhibits excellent spring characteristics. The physical properties of the alloy are achieved through precipitation hardening. Compared to other copper alloys, beryllium copper alloys offer high strength and show minimal changes in physical properties with temperature increases.

•Beryllium copper alloys are non-magnetic. Their conductivity is approximately that of phosphor bronze.2-4Multiple

AGrade Phosphor Bronze

Phosphor bronze offers excellent spring properties and conductivity, slightly inferior in performance to beryllium copper alloys. It is sold in spring temper to maximize spring characteristics.

•Phosphor bronze can only be hardened through cold working. This material also lacks magnetic properties.

Material Surface Treatment

Turn black

This surface treatment offers a matte black finish. Black oxide is primarily used for aesthetic purposes rather than enhancing corrosion resistance.

Galvanized

Zinc is electroplated onto carbon steel to enhance the product's corrosion resistance. Compared to cadmium plating, zinc plating is often used as a more cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative. Our standard zinc plating solution includes:TypeVAndTypeVIAll meetRoHSThe coating thickness is determined by the service condition numberSC(No.) decision, the customer may opt to do so. Galvanizing does not necessarily cover the part between each spring coil. This process can cause the shackle to become hydride embrittled.RaleighOffer stainless steel as an alternative choice for cadmium and zinc plating.

Oiled

This isRaleighAll products produced from carbon steel feature standard surface treatment. The oil provides corrosion resistance during transportation and daily storage. The oil immersion surface treatment should not be considered a permanent surface treatment.

Passivation

Passivation is an optional cleaning operation for stainless steel. It provides a shiny surface and enhances corrosion resistance. Passivation can dissolve iron particles and other substances embedded in the surface of stainless steel during the production process. If not dissolved, these foreign particles can lead to rusting, discoloration, and even electrochemical corrosion.

In theory, stainless steel's corrosion resistance is provided by a thin, invisible oxide layer completely covering the retaining ring surface, which also prevents further oxidation. Removing contaminants can prevent the destruction of the oxide layer, thereby achieving good corrosion resistance.

Phosphatizing

The appearance is gray-black. Phosphate has better corrosion resistance than black oxide, but is not as good as cadmium plating or stainless steel. Phosphate cannot be applied to stainless steel.

Steam De-greasing/Ultrasonic Cleaning

This is the standard cleaning and surface treatment for all stainless steel. The process uses chloride solvents to remove oil and other organic substances from the material's surface. This solvent effectively removes grease from the exposed surfaces of retainers or springs.

The solvent is made to flow between the circles of the stop ring through ultrasonic action.

Vibration Deburring/Manual burr removal

AlthoughRaleighAll circumferential surfaces and edges of the retaining ring are smooth, but due to shearing operations, sharp corners are always present at the gap ends. To remove the sharp corners and achieve coordination/The smooth surface finish allows for deburring via vibration or manual deburring of the retainer, to meet your requirements.