Material Type

Selecting the appropriate materials for the application requiresRaleighWe have a good understanding of the common materials used in flat wire products. The correct material can prevent extra costs and malfunctions during operation. Carbon steel is a commonly used material. While stainless steel is more expensive than carbon steel, it offers better corrosion resistance and a wider temperature range for operation.

Carbon Spring Steel

65Mn

SWRH 72A/72B

SAE1070-1090

SAE1070-1090High-carbon tempered spring steel is the standard material used for spiral retaining rings and wave springs. The martensitic structure produced by the oil tempering process significantly enhances the tensile and yield strength of the material.

SAE1060-107

SAE1060-1075High-carbon hard-drawn spring steel is the standard material for clip retaining rings. Hard-drawn carbon steel does not have a grade because its strength is determined by the drawing process.

These types of tempering processes produce carbon steel suitable for environments with existing protective measures, as this material can corrode without lubrication or sealing. Additional corrosion protection can be achieved through special surface treatments. The retainers and springs are typically supplied with an oil immersion surface treatment to provide protection during transportation and storage on shelves.

•Carbon steel is highly magnetic and can exhibit various colors, including blue, black, and gray.

Stainless Steel

302Stainless Steel

302Stainless steel is the standard material used for spiral retainers. Its widespread use is due to its combination of corrosion resistance and excellent physical properties.302The elasticity of stainless steel stems from the cold working process. Although it is non-magnetic stainless steel, it becomes so after cold working.302It has a slight magnetic property. It cannot be hardened by heat treatment.

•302Silver gray.

316Stainless Steel

316Stainless steel and302Stainless steel has similar physical properties and heat resistance. Due to the presence of molybdenum, it boasts enhanced corrosion resistance, particularly against pitting corrosion.316Stainless steel is commonly used in food, chemical, and marine applications.

316Magnetic property of stainless steel is less than302Stainless steel. But with302Stainless steel is similar; its magnetism increases as the wire is cold rolled.316Stainless steel cannot be hardened through heat treatment.

•316Silver gray.

17-7PHPrecipitation Hardening Stainless Steel

The corrosion resistance of this alloy is302Similar to stainless steel, but with higher tensile and yield strengths, it is suitable for special snap ring applications. Resists fatigue and high stress conditions.17-7Higher performance than high-performance carbon steel.

Its elasticity is achieved byCCondition settled and hardened toCH900Achieved through status. Therefore, the material can withstand.343℃High temperature without losing elasticity.17-7PHPrecipitation HardeningCH900The magnetic properties of the stainless steel are similar to those of high-carbon steel.

•After precipitation hardening,17-7The open-air heat treatment results in a blue, brown, or silver appearance, whereas the controlled air heat treatment offers bright colors.

Super Alloy

InconelX-750

This nickel-chromium alloy is commonly used in high-temperature and corrosive environments. Two types of commonly used chromium-nickel iron alloys are described as follows. Under normal circumstances,InconelX-750Through precipitation heat treatment to achieve spring condition. Alloys treated in this manner can withstand high371˚CTemperature. Corrosion Engineers Association.(NACE)Permitted to be in compliance with specificationsMR-01-75（RC50Products with this hard tempering process (high value) are used for spiral retaining rings and wave springs./Compressed Springs.1Hardening number requires a longer heat treatment than spring hardening, with lower tensile strength, but offers high538˚CTemperature protection.

Spring tempering and1The tempering process can be conducted in either open-air or controlled atmosphere tempering furnaces. Open-air heat treatment may result in oxidation, often leading to slight black residues. A controlled atmosphere environment eliminates oxidation issues, resulting in no residues on the products produced.

•Retainers and springs made from this grade of chromium-nickel iron alloy are blue./Silver gray, non-magnetic.

Copper

25Beryllium Copper Alloy

Typically used in its hardened state, this alloy, with its combination of low modulus of elasticity and high ultimate tensile strength, exhibits excellent spring properties. Its physical properties are achieved through precipitation hardening. Compared to other copper alloys, beryllium copper boasts high strength and undergoes minimal changes in physical properties with increasing temperature.

•Beryllium copper alloys are non-magnetic. Their conductivity is approximately that of phosphor bronze.2-4Multiple

AGrade Phosphor Bronze

Phosphor bronze offers excellent spring properties and conductivity, slightly inferior in performance to beryllium copper alloys. It is sold in spring temper to maximize spring characteristics.

•Phosphor bronze can only be hardened through cold working. The material also lacks magnetic properties.

Material Surface Treatment

Turn black

This surface treatment offers a matte black finish. Black oxide is primarily used for aesthetic purposes rather than to enhance corrosion resistance.

Galvanized

Zinc is electroplated onto carbon steel to enhance the product's corrosion resistance. Compared to cadmium plating, zinc plating is often used as a more cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative. Our standard zinc plating solution is:TypeVAndTypeVIAll complyRoHSCoating thickness is determined by the service condition numberSC(No.) The customer can decide on this. Galvanizing does not necessarily cover the parts between each turn of the multi-coil spring. This process can cause the shackle to become hydride embrittled.RaleighOffer stainless steel as an alternative choice for cadmium and zinc plating.

Oiled

This isRaleighAll products produced with carbon steel feature standard surface treatment. Oil imparts corrosion resistance during transportation and daily storage. Oil immersion surface treatment should not be considered as a permanent surface treatment.

Passivation

Passivation is an optional cleaning operation for stainless steel. It provides a shiny surface and improves corrosion resistance. Passivation can dissolve iron particles and other substances embedded on the surface of stainless steel during the production process. If these foreign particles are not dissolved, they can lead to rusting, discoloration, and even electrolytic corrosion.

In theory, the corrosion resistance of stainless steel is provided by a thin, invisible oxide layer completely covering the retaining ring surface, which also prevents further oxidation. Removing contaminants can prevent the destruction of the oxide layer, thereby achieving good corrosion resistance.

Phosphatized

The appearance is gray-black. Phosphate's corrosion resistance is better than black oxide, but not as good as cadmium plating or stainless steel. Phosphate cannot be applied to stainless steel.

Steam Degreasing/Ultrasonic Cleaning

This is the standard cleaning and surface treatment for all stainless steel. The process utilizes chloride-based solvents to remove oil and other organic components from the material's surface. This solvent effectively removes grease from exposed surfaces of retainers or springs.

Flow solvent between each ring of the baffle by ultrasonic means.

Deburring by Vibration/Manual burr removal

AlthoughRaleighAll circumferential surfaces and edges of the split ring are smooth, but due to the shearing operation, sharp corners are always present at the gap end. To remove the sharp corners and achieve coordination/Smooth surface finish, suitable for deburring by vibration on the retaining ring or manual deburring to meet your requirements.