Material Type

Selecting the appropriate materials for the application requiresRaleighWe have a good understanding of the common materials used in扁线 products. The correct material can prevent additional costs and malfunctions during operation. Carbon steel is a commonly used material. While stainless steel is more expensive than carbon steel, it offers better corrosion resistance and a wider temperature range for operation.

Carbon spring steel

65Mn

SWRH 72A/72B

SAE1070-1090

SAE1070-1090High-carbon tempered spring steel is the standard material for spiral retainers and wave springs. The martensitic structure produced by oil tempering process significantly enhances the tensile and yield strengths of the material.

SAE1060-107

SAE1060-1075High-carbon hard-drawn spring steel is the standard material for buckle retaining rings. Hard-drawn carbon steel does not have a grade because its strength is determined by the drawing process.

These types of tempering processes produce carbon steel suitable for environments with existing protective measures, as these materials can corrode without lubrication or sealing. Additional corrosion protection can be achieved through special surface treatments. The retainers and springs are typically oil immersed during supply to provide protection during transportation and shelf storage.

•Carbon steel is highly magnetic and can exhibit various colors, including blue, black, and gray.

Stainless Steel

302Stainless Steel

302Stainless steel is the standard stainless used for spiral retaining rings. This material is widely used due to its combination of corrosion resistance and good physical properties.302The elasticity of stainless steel stems from the cold working process. Although it is non-magnetic stainless steel, it becomes so after cold working.302It will have a slight magnetic property. It cannot be hardened by heat treatment.

•302Silver gray.

316Stainless Steel

316Stainless steel and302Stainless steel boasts similar physical properties and heat resistance. Due to the presence of molybdenum, it exhibits enhanced corrosion resistance, particularly against pitting corrosion.316Stainless steel is commonly used in food, chemical, and seawater applications.

316Stainless steel has less magnetism than302Stainless steel. But with302Stainless steel is similar in that its magnetism increases with the cold rolling of the wire.316Stainless steel cannot be hardened through heat treatment.

•316Silver gray.

17-7PHPrecipitation Hardening Stainless Steel

The corrosion resistance of this alloy is302Stainless steel similar, but due to higher tensile and yield strength, it is suitable for special retaining ring applications. In fatigue resistance and high-stress conditions,17-7Its performance is superior to that of high-performance carbon steel.

Its elasticity is achieved byCCondition settled and hardened toCH900Achieved through status. Therefore, the material can withstand.343℃High temperature without losing elasticity.17-7PHPrecipitation HardeningCH900The magnetic properties of the state stainless steel are similar to those of high-carbon steel.

•After precipitation hardening,17-7Due to the open-air thermal treatment, the color is presented as blue, brown, or silver, whereas controlled air thermal treatment offers bright colors.

Super Alloy

InconelX-750

This nickel-chromium alloy is commonly used in high-temperature and corrosive environments. Two types of commonly used chromium-nickel iron alloys are described as follows. Under normal circumstances,InconelX-750Through precipitation heat treatment to achieve spring condition. The alloy treated in this manner can withstand high371˚CTemperature. Corrosion Engineers Association(NACE)Permitted for complianceMR-01-75（RC50Products processed by this hard tempering technique, with high value, are used for spiral retaining rings and wave-shaped components./Coiled Springs1Hardening number requires a longer heat treatment than spring hardening, with lower tensile strength, but offers high538˚CTemperature protection.

Spring tempering and1The tempering process can be conducted in an open-air or controlled atmosphere furnace. Open-air heat treatment may result in oxidation, often leading to slight black residue. A controlled atmosphere environment eliminates oxidation issues, resulting in no residue on the produced products.

•Retainer washers and springs made from this grade of chrome-nickel iron alloy are blue./Silver gray and non-magnetic.

Copper

25Beryllium copper alloy

Typically used in its hardening state, this alloy combines low modulus of elasticity with high ultimate tensile strength, thus offering excellent spring characteristics. Its physical properties are achieved through precipitation hardening. Compared to other copper alloys, beryllium copper exhibits high strength and minimal changes in physical properties with temperature increases.

•Beryllium copper alloys are non-magnetic. Their conductivity is approximately equal to that of phosphor bronze.2-4Multiple

AGrade Phosphor Bronze

Phosphor bronze offers excellent spring properties and conductivity, slightly inferior in performance to beryllium copper alloys. It is sold in spring temper to maximize spring characteristics.

•Phosphor bronze can only be hardened through cold working. The material also lacks magnetic properties.

Material Surface Treatment

Turn black

This surface treatment offers a matte black finish. Black oxide is primarily used for aesthetic purposes rather than for enhancing corrosion resistance.

Galvanized

Zinc is electroplated onto carbon steel to enhance product corrosion resistance. Compared to cadmium plating, zinc plating is often used as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative. Our standard zinc plating solution includes:TypeVAndTypeVIAll comply withRoHSThe coating thickness is determined by the service condition number.SC(No.) decision, the customer may proceed with this. Zinc coating does not necessarily cover the parts between each spring coil. This process can cause the retaining ring to become hydrogen embrittled.RaleighOffer stainless steel as an alternative choice for cadmium and zinc plating.

Oiled

This isRaleighAll products produced with carbon steel feature standard surface treatment. Oil imparts corrosion resistance during transportation and daily storage. Oil immersion surface treatment should not be considered a permanent surface treatment.

Passivation

Passivation is an optional cleaning operation for stainless steel. It provides a shiny surface and enhances corrosion resistance. Passivation can dissolve iron particles and other substances embedded in the surface of stainless steel during the production process. If not dissolved, these foreign particles can lead to rusting, discoloration, and even electrochemical corrosion.

In theory, the corrosion resistance of stainless steel is provided by a thin, invisible oxide layer completely covering the retaining ring surface, which also prevents further oxidation. Removing contaminants can prevent the destruction of the oxide layer, thereby achieving good corrosion resistance.

Phosphatized

The appearance is gray-black. Phosphate coating has better corrosion resistance than black oxide, but is not as good as cadmium plating or stainless steel. Phosphate coating cannot be applied to stainless steel.

Steam Degreasing/Ultrasonic Cleaning

This is the standard cleaning and surface treatment for all stainless steel. The process uses chloride-based solvents to remove oil and other organic substances from the material's surface. This solvent effectively removes grease from the exposed surfaces of retainers or springs.

The solvent flows between each circle of the restrictor ring through ultrasonic action.

Deburring by Vibration/Manual burr removal

AlthoughRaleighAll circumferential surfaces and edges of the retaining ring are smooth, but due to shearing operations, sharp angles are always present at the gap ends. To remove the sharp angles and achieve harmony/The smooth surface finish allows for deburring via vibration or manual deburring of the retaining ring to meet your specifications.