Material Type

Selecting the appropriate material for application requiresRaleighWe have a good understanding of the common materials used in flat wire products. The correct material can prevent additional costs and malfunctions during operation. Carbon steel is a commonly used material. While stainless steel is more expensive than carbon steel, it offers better corrosion resistance and a wider range of working temperatures.

Carbon Spring Steel

65Mn

SWRH 72A/72B

SAE1070-1090

SAE1070-1090High-carbon tempered spring steel is the standard material for spiral retaining rings and wave springs. The martensitic structure produced by the oil quenching process significantly enhances the tensile and yield strength of the material.

SAE1060-107

SAE1060-1075High-carbon hard-drawn spring steel is the standard material for clip retaining rings. Hard-drawn carbon steel does not have a grade as its strength is determined by the drawing process.

These carbon steels produced by these tempering processes are suitable for environments with existing protective measures, as they may corrode without lubrication or sealing. Additional corrosion protection can be achieved through special surface treatments. The retainers and springs are typically supplied with oil immersion surface treatment to provide protection during transportation and storage on shelves.

•Carbon steel is highly magnetic and can present a variety of colors, including blue, black, and gray.

Stainless Steel

302Stainless Steel

302Stainless steel is the standard material used for spiral retainers. This material is widely used due to its combination of corrosion resistance and good physical properties.302The elasticity of stainless steel stems from the cold working process. Although it is non-magnetic stainless steel, it becomes so after cold working.302It will have a slight magnetic property. It cannot be hardened by heat treatment.

•302Silver gray.

316Stainless Steel

316Stainless steel and302The physical properties and heat resistance of stainless steel are almost identical. Due to the presence of molybdenum, it boasts higher corrosion resistance, especially against pitting corrosion.316Stainless steel is commonly used in food, chemical, and seawater applications.

316Magnetic property of stainless steel is less than302Stainless steel. But with302Stainless steel is similar; its magnetic properties increase with the cold rolling of the wire.316Stainless steel cannot be hardened through heat treatment.

•316Silver gray.

17-7PHPrecipitation Hardening Stainless Steel

The corrosion resistance of this alloy is302Stainless steel-like, but with higher tensile and yield strengths, suitable for special snap ring applications. Resists fatigue and withstands high stress conditions.17-7Performance is superior to high-performance carbon steel.

Its elasticity is achieved byCState precipitation hardening toCH900Be achieved in the state. Therefore, this material can withstand.343℃High temperature resistance without loss of elasticity.17-7PHPrecipitation HardeningCH900The magnetic properties of the stainless steel are similar to those of high-carbon steel.

•After precipitation hardening,17-7Due to the open-air heat treatment, the color is presented as blue, brown, or silver, whereas the controlled air heat treatment offers bright colors.

Super alloy

InconelX-750

This nickel-chromium alloy is commonly used in high-temperature and corrosive environments. Two commonly used chromium-nickel iron alloys are described as follows. Generally speaking,InconelX-750Through precipitation hardening to achieve spring condition. The alloy treated in this manner can withstand high371˚CTemperature. Corrosion Engineers Association.(NACE)Permitted to comply with specificationsMR-01-75（RC50Products with this hard tempering process (high value) are used for spiral retaining rings and wave springs./Coiled Springs1Hardening No. requires a longer heat treatment period than spring hardening, with lower tensile strength, but offers high538˚CTemperature Protection.

Spring tempering and1The tempering process can be conducted in an open-air or controlled atmosphere furnace. Open-air heat treatment may result in oxidation, often leading to slight black residues. A controlled atmosphere environment eliminates oxidation issues, resulting in no residues on the products produced.

•Retainers and springs made from this grade of chrome-nickel iron alloy are blue./Silver gray, non-magnetic.

Copper

25Beryllium copper alloy

Typically used in its hard temper state, this alloy, with its combination of low modulus of elasticity and high ultimate tensile strength, exhibits excellent spring properties. Its physical properties are achieved through precipitation hardening. Compared to other copper alloys, beryllium copper alloys offer high strength and show minimal change in physical properties with increasing temperature.

•Beryllium copper alloys are non-magnetic. Their conductivity is approximately equal to that of phosphor bronze.2-4Multiple

AGrade Phosphor Bronze

Phosphor bronze offers excellent spring properties and conductivity, with slightly lower performance than beryllium copper alloys. It is sold in spring temper to maximize spring characteristics.

•Phosphor bronze can only be hardened through cold working. The material also does not possess magnetic properties.

Material Surface Treatment

Turn black

This surface treatment provides a matte black finish. Black oxide is more commonly used for aesthetic purposes rather than for enhancing corrosion resistance.

Galvanized

Zinc is galvanized onto carbon steel to enhance the product's corrosion resistance. Compared to cadmium plating, zinc galvanizing is often used as a more cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative. Our standard galvanizing solution includes:TypeVAndTypeVIAll comply withRoHSCoating thickness is determined by the service condition numberSC(No.) Decision, the customer can opt for this. Galvanizing does not necessarily cover the part between each spring coil. This process can cause the retainer to become hydrogen embrittled.RaleighOffer stainless steel as an alternative choice for cadmium and zinc plating.

Oiled

This isRaleighAll products produced with carbon steel feature standard surface treatment. Oil imparts corrosion resistance during transportation and daily storage. Oil immersion surface treatment should not be considered a permanent surface treatment.

Passivation

Passivation is an optional cleaning operation for stainless steel. It provides a bright surface and enhances corrosion resistance. Passivation can dissolve iron particles and other substances embedded in the surface of stainless steel during the production process. If not dissolved, these foreign particles can lead to rust, discoloration, and even electrochemical corrosion.

In theory, the corrosion resistance of stainless steel is provided by a thin, invisible oxide layer that completely covers the retaining ring surface, which also prevents further oxidation. Removing contaminants can prevent damage to the oxide layer, thereby achieving good corrosion resistance.

Phosphatized

The appearance is gray-black. The corrosion resistance of phosphates is better than that of black oxides, but not as good as cadmium-plated or stainless steel. Phosphates cannot be applied to stainless steel.

Steam De-greasing/Ultrasonic Cleaning

This is a standard cleaning and surface treatment for all stainless steel. The process uses chloride-based solvents to remove oil and other organic materials from the surface of the material. This solvent effectively removes grease from the exposed surfaces of retainers or springs.

The solvent flows between the circles of the restrictor ring through ultrasonic means.

Vibratory Deburring/Manual burr removal

AlthoughRaleighAll circumferential surfaces and edges of the retaining ring are smooth, but due to shearing operations, sharp corners are always present at the gap ends. To remove the sharp corners and achieve coordination,/Smooth surface finish, allowing for deburring by vibration of the retainer or manual deburring to meet your requirements.