Dust Removal Equipment

Dust Removal Equipment

1. Baghouse Dust Collector: A baghouse dust collector is a dry dust filtration device. It is suitable for capturing fine, dry, non-fibrous dust. The filter bags are made of woven fabric or non-woven felt, utilizing the filtration effect of the fiber fabric to filter the dusty gas. Upon entering the baghouse dust collector, larger and heavier dust particles settle to the bottom due to gravity, falling into the ash hopper. The gas containing finer dust particles is trapped by the filter material as it passes through, resulting in the purification of the gas.

Operating Principle

Baghouse dust collectors and granular bed dust collectors are included in the filtration dust removal systems. The former typically uses filter bags made of organic or inorganic fiber fabrics as the filtration layer, while the latter often employs a mixture of particles of various sizes, such as quartz sand, river sand, ceramic beads, slag, graphite, carbon black, and ultra-fine powder, to form the filtration layer.

As the powder repeatedly adheres to the outer surface of the filter bag, the powder layer thickens continuously, and the resistance value of the bag dust collector increases accordingly; the pulse valve diaphragm issues a command, and the pulse valve opens when submerged from both sides. The compressed air inside the high-pressure air bag is released. If there is no dust or it is reduced to a certain extent, the mechanical cleaning process will cease.

The bag dust collector consists mainly of the upper housing, middle housing, lower housing (dust hopper), cleaning system, and discharge mechanism, etc.

The performance of a bag dust collector is determined not only by the correct selection of filter bag material but also by the cleaning system, which plays a decisive role. Therefore, the cleaning method is one of the characteristics that distinguish bag dust collectors and is a crucial aspect of their operation. It falls under the category of medium-efficiency dust collectors and is suitable for purifying high-temperature flue gases, making it a widely used type of dust collector, commonly applied in boiler flue gas dust removal, multi-stage dust removal, and pre-dust removal. However, its main drawback is the lower efficiency in removing fine particles (less than 5μm).

2. Cyclone Dust Collector: A type of dust removal device, the cyclone dust collector operates by causing the dusty air stream to rotate, separating and trapping dust particles against the wall of the collector with centrifugal force, and then allowing the particles to fall into the ash hopper due to gravity.

3. Water Film Dust Collector: Dusty gas is introduced into the lower part of the body in a tangential direction and rises in rotation. Dust particles are separated by centrifugal force and thrown towards the inner wall of the cylinder, where they are adsorbed by the water film layer flowing on the inner wall, and then flow to the bottom cone with the water. They are discharged through the dust outlet. The formation of the water film is achieved by several nozzles located at the top of the cylinder, which spray water tangentially to the wall. This ensures that a thin, downward-rotating water film always covers the inner wall of the cylinder, thereby enhancing the dust removal efficiency. This wet-type dust collector has a simple structure, low metal consumption, and low water consumption. However, its drawbacks include a high height, difficulty in arrangement, and the presence of water carryover during actual operation.