Integrated Laboratory Wastewater Treatment Equipment: Source and Composition of Sewage

01

Source of Laboratory Wastewater

Laboratory wastewater primarily originates from chemical and research laboratories, encompassing a variety of waste, such as experimental chemicals, reagents, liquid waste, leftover reagents, container washings, instrument cleaning, and leaks. This wastewater is characterized by its uncertainty, variability, and complexity.

02

Lab Wastewater Composition

The laboratory wastewater is primarily categorized into inorganic, organic, and biological types.

1. Inorganic Category:

Heavy metal ions (including arsenic, mercury, cadmium, and other heavy metal cations, as well as heavy metal ion complexes), pH values of acids and bases (nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, etc.), other non-metal ions (fluoric acid or fluorides, complex ion compounds, etc.), and halogen ions, among others.

2. Organic Products

Organic solvents, detergents, surfactants, benzene, alkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, alcohols, phenols, ethers, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, amines, and various compounds resulting from their reactions, as well as acidic and alkaline pollutants.

3. Biological Category

Samples primarily from biosafety laboratories include culture media, growth media, and liquid biological specimens tested in the lab, such as blood and urine, along with a small amount of laboratory utensils and rinsing water from animal cages. The contaminants are mainly pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, chlamydiae, mycoplasmas, spirochetes, fungi, Brucella, and Anthrax bacteria.