What's happening when 220V voltage is input to the rectifier bridge and it outputs 280V?

220V is the RMS value of alternating current, while the peak value of AC with an RMS value of 220V is approximately 311V. Generally, rectifier bridge output circuits are equipped with a filtering circuit composed of capacitors and resistors. During filtering, the capacitor smooths out the rectified voltage while also charging itself, causing the voltage across its terminals to rise. Therefore, the rectified DC voltage is typically higher than the RMS value of AC but lower than the peak value. Based on relevant calculations, under ideal conditions (not considering the voltage drop across rectifier diodes and the降压 effect of resistors, etc.), the output DC voltage is about 1.35 times the RMS value of the AC voltage, which is approximately 297V. In actual measurements, various voltage drops are considered, resulting in a value of around 280V. To achieve a voltage of around 220V, a "可控整流电路" can be used, which replaces the diodes in the two arms of the rectifier bridge with thyristors. By controlling the conduction angle of the thyristors, the desired DC voltage can be obtained. If the original rectifier bridge needs to be retained, the voltage division method must be used, and a voltage stabilization circuit is also required.