Suspension Ceramic Insulator XP-160

Insulators are made by bonding ceramic parts with upper and lower metal attachments using an adhesive. The ceramic part ends have elastic pads under the adhesive contact areas with the metal attachments. The adhesive areas of the ceramic parts are structured with sanding, knurling, grooving, etc., to enhance mechanical strength, prevent loosening, and twisting. The ceramic surfaces are uniformly glazed white, while the metal attachments are coated with gray magnetic paint. The main structures of the ceramic insulator bodies come in two types: a hollow partition (penetrable) structure and a solid (non-penetrable) structure. The bonded pillar insulators are generally of the solid non-penetrable structure. This latter structure reduces maintenance and testing workload compared to the former. Insulator ceramic parts have either polygonal or less polygonal shapes; the polygonal shape increases the surface distance and has better electrical properties than the less polygonal shape. All products except the gradually phased-out external bonded pillar insulators are polygonal. The internal bonding structure, with the metal attachments glued into the ceramic holes, increases the insulation distance and improves electrical performance, while also reducing the space occupied during installation. However, as internal bonding is not favorable for mechanical strength, insulators requiring high mechanical strength should use the combined bonding method (i.e., the upper attachments use internal bonding, and the lower attachments use external bonding).